Pediatric HESI

Pediatric HESI Related

Review Pediatric HESI related questions and content

What information should the nurse provide to parents of a 3-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who inquire about the disease and future children?

  • A. This is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which primarily affects male children in the family
  • B. The striated muscle groups of males can be impacted by a lack of the protein dystrophin in their mothers
  • C. The male infant had a viral infection that went unnoticed and untreated so muscle damage was incurred
  • D. Birth trauma with a breech vaginal birth causes damage to the spinal cord, thus weakening the muscles
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene on the X chromosome. This disorder primarily affects males because they have one X chromosome, inherited from their mothers, who may be carriers of the mutated gene. Females have two X chromosomes, providing a protective effect as the normal gene on one X chromosome can compensate for the mutated gene on the other. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the parents that Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which is why their son has the disease and why there is a risk of passing it on to future sons.

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The parents of a 4-year-old child who has just been diagnosed with celiac disease are being educated by a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parents indicates a correct understanding of the condition?

  • A. We can give our child small amounts of gluten occasionally
  • B. We need to avoid giving our child foods containing wheat, barley, and rye
  • C. We should limit our child's intake of dairy products
  • D. Our child will need to take gluten-free supplements
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For individuals with celiac disease, a strict gluten-free diet is essential for managing the condition. Foods containing wheat, barley, and rye must be completely avoided to prevent adverse reactions and damage to the intestines. This dietary restriction is crucial to ensure the child's health and well-being in managing celiac disease effectively.

What action should the nurse implement when the infusion of chemotherapy via an implanted medication port is complete for a 16-year-old with acute myelocytic leukemia at the outpatient oncology clinic?

  • A. Administer Zofran
  • B. Obtain blood samples for RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
  • C. Flush mediport with saline and heparin solution
  • D. Initiate an infusion of normal saline
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

The heart rate for a 3-year-old with a congenital heart defect has steadily decreased over the last few hours, now it's 76 bpm, the previous reading 4 hours ago was 110 bpm. Which additional finding should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider?

  • A. Oxygen saturation 94%.
  • B. RR of 25 breaths/minute.
  • C. Urine output 20 mL/hr.
  • D. BP 70/40.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

What is the nurse's priority action for a 2-year-old child with croup presenting with a barking cough and stridor?

  • A. Administer a corticosteroid
  • B. Obtain a throat culture
  • C. Administer nebulized epinephrine
  • D. Place the child in an upright position
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an 11-month-old infant with CHF who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarction of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. What pathophysiologic mechanisms support these findings?

  • A. The aortic semilunar valve obstructs blood flow into the systemic circulation
  • B. The lumen of the aorta reduces the volume of the blood flow to the lower extremities
  • C. The pulmonic valve prevents adequate blood volume into the pulmonary circulation
  • D. An opening in the atrial septum causes a murmur due to a turbulent left to right shunt
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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