Nokea
What is a 1-year-old with history of UTIs and diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux s tachycardia at risk for?
- A. Nephrotic syndrome
- B. Renal Scarring
- C. Polycystic kidney
- D. Acute glomerulonephritis
- E. Pyclonephritis
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The correct answers for a 1-year-old with history of UTIs and diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux at risk for are B: Renal Scarring and E: Pyelonephritis. Vesicoureteral reflux increases the risk of recurrent UTIs, leading to pyelonephritis. Renal scarring can result from repeated pyelonephritis episodes. Nephrotic syndrome (A) is not typically associated with UTIs or reflux. Polycystic kidney (C) is a congenital condition, not related to the scenario. Acute glomerulonephritis (D) is usually caused by post-streptococcal infection, not UTIs.
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Which of the following oils should the nurse recommend?
- A. Lavender
- B. Eucalyptus
- C. Jasmine
- D. Tea tree
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should recommend lavender oil because it is known for its calming and relaxing properties, which can help reduce stress and promote better sleep. Lavender oil has therapeutic benefits for anxiety and insomnia, making it a suitable choice. Eucalyptus is more commonly used for respiratory issues, jasmine for relaxation, and tea tree for skin conditions. Lavender stands out as the most appropriate option based on the context of the question.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Observe the child's throat with a flashlight.
- B. Give the child small sips of water.
- C. Administer an analgesic.
- D. Offer the child an ice collar.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe the child's throat with a flashlight. This is the first action the nurse should take as it helps assess for any signs of inflammation, infection, or obstruction in the throat, which could be causing the child's symptoms. By observing the throat, the nurse can gather important information to guide further interventions.
Choice B: Giving the child small sips of water can be important but should come after assessing the throat to ensure it is safe to swallow. Choice C: Administering an analgesic should be based on the assessment findings, not the first action. Choice D: Offering an ice collar is not indicated until the cause of the symptoms is identified.
Specify 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition.
- A. Anticipate a prescription for digoxin.
- B. Elevate the head of the bed to a 45° angle.
- C. Implement contact precautions.
- D. Provide chest physiotherapy and postural drainage.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answers are A and B. A nurse should anticipate a prescription for digoxin as it is commonly prescribed for heart failure to improve heart function. Elevating the head of the bed to a 45° angle helps reduce the workload on the heart and improve respiratory function. Choice C, implementing contact precautions, is unrelated to addressing the condition. Choice D, providing chest physiotherapy and postural drainage, is not typically indicated for heart failure.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Wash the child's hair with shampoo containing ketoconazole.
- B. Treat everyone who came into close contact with the child.
- C. Apply petroleum jelly to the affected areas.
- D. Soak combs and brushes in boiling water for 10 min.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Treat everyone who came into close contact with the child. This is important in preventing the spread of contagious conditions such as lice or scabies. Treating close contacts helps eliminate the source of reinfestation.
A: Washing the child's hair with ketoconazole shampoo may be helpful for treating specific conditions but does not address preventing spread to others.
C: Applying petroleum jelly to affected areas may soothe symptoms but does not prevent transmission to others.
D: Soaking combs and brushes in boiling water is a good practice for cleaning but does not address treating close contacts.
Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Check clothing for loose buttons.
- B. Adjust the water heater temperature to 54° C (129.2° F).
- C. Place screens on all windows.
- D. Provide balloons for play.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check clothing for loose buttons. This safety measure is important to prevent choking hazards in children. Loose buttons can easily come off and be swallowed. B is incorrect as the recommended water heater temperature is 49°C (120°F) to prevent scalding. C is irrelevant to the safety of a child's clothing. D is incorrect as balloons pose a choking hazard.