Nokea
What is a common risk factor for breast cancer? Select all that apply.
- A. being assigned female at birth
- B. having a first-degree relative with breast cancer
- C. carrying mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
- D. being of African American ethnicity
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale:
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If the physician indicates shoulder dystocia during the delivery of a macrosomic fetus, how would the nurse assist?
- A. Assisting the woman into McRoberts maneuver
- B. Calling a second physician to assist
- C. Preparing for immediate c/s delivery
- D. Utilizing fundal pressure to push the fetus out
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the scenario of shoulder dystocia during the delivery of a macrosomic fetus, the appropriate action for the nurse to assist would be to help the woman into the McRoberts maneuver. The McRoberts maneuver involves flexing the mother's thighs tightly against her abdomen to flatten the pelvis, allowing for more space to maneuver the baby's shoulder out from behind the pubic bone. This maneuver is often effective at resolving shoulder dystocia without the need for additional interventions such as a cesarean section or fundal pressure. It is a recommended initial step in managing shoulder dystocia and has been shown to be successful in many cases.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing sore nipples from breastfeeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Place a snug dressing on the client's nipple when not breastfeeding.
- B. Ensure the newborn's mouth is wide open before latching to the breast.
- C. Encourage the client to limit the newborn's feeding to 10 min on each breast.
- D. Instruct the client to begin the feeding with the nipple that is most tender.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ensuring the newborn's mouth is wide open before latching to the breast is the correct action to take when caring for a client experiencing sore nipples from breastfeeding. When the newborn latches onto the breast correctly with a wide open mouth, it helps to prevent nipple soreness and discomfort by allowing proper positioning and attachment, which reduces pressure on the nipple. This action can promote effective and comfortable breastfeeding for both the client and the newborn. Placing a snug dressing on the nipple when not breastfeeding (Choice A) could hinder air circulation, leading to moisture, which may increase the risk of nipple soreness. Limiting the newborn's feeding to 10 minutes on each breast (Choice C) can be insufficient for adequate milk intake and can lead to feeding issues. Instructing the client to begin the feeding with the nipple that is most tender (Choice D) may exacerbate the issue and cause further discomfort.
A client at 32 weeks' gestation is diagnosed with oligohydramnios. What complication is associated with this condition?
- A. Fetal macrosomia.
- B. Cord prolapse.
- C. Pulmonary hypoplasia.
- D. Placenta previa.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oligohydramnios can lead to pulmonary hypoplasia due to insufficient amniotic fluid for lung development.
What is Lamaze International Childbirth Education based on?
- A. breathing techniques
- B. comprehensive evidence-based childbirth teachings
- C. empowerment of the nursing staff
- D. positions to promote breast-feeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lamaze focuses on evidence-based practices to empower birthing individuals, not just breathing techniques or nursing staff.
Magnesium sulfate is given to a pregnant client for which of the following reasons? (Select all that apply) Provide fetal neuroprotection Improve patellar reflexes and increase respiratory efficiency Induction of labor Prevent seizures Stop/decrease uterine contractions The clinical nurse talks with a client about her possible pregnancy. The client has experienced amenorrhea for 2 months, nausea during the day with vomiting every other morning, and breast tenderness. What are these symptoms best described as? Possible signs of pregnancy Positive signs pregnancy Presumptive signs of pregnancy Probable signs of pregnancy The clinic nurse talks with a patient about her possible pregnancy. The patient has experienced amenorrhea for 2 months, nausea during the day with vomiting every other morning, and breast tenderness. She is convinced she is pregnant and is reluctant to pay for a pregnancy test. Which action by the nurse is best?
- A. Agree that these signs usually signal pregnancy so no test is needed.
- B. Delete the order for the pregnancy test and inform the provider.
- C. Explain that these symptoms can be caused by other conditions.
- D. Inform the woman that this is standard procedure and must be done.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best action for the nurse to take in this situation is to explain to the patient that these symptoms can be caused by other conditions besides pregnancy. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient that while these symptoms are commonly associated with pregnancy, they are not definitive signs and can also be attributed to other factors or medical conditions. Encouraging the patient to undergo a pregnancy test can help confirm or rule out pregnancy and provide appropriate care and guidance moving forward.