Nokea
What is a major goal of therapy for children with cerebral palsy (CP)?
- A. Cure the underlying defect causing the disorder.
- B. Reverse the degenerative processes that have occurred.
- C. Prevent the spread to individuals in close contact with the child.
- D. Recognize the disorder early and promote optimum development.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early recognition and promoting optimal development are key CP therapy goals, maximizing potential within physical limits. CP is permanent, not curable or reversible, and is not contagious.
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The nurse is preparing a staff education in-service session for a group of new graduate nurses who will be working in a long-term care facility for children; many of the children have cerebral palsy (CP). What statement should the nurse include in the training?
- A. Children with dyskinetic CP have a wide-based gait and repetitive movements.
- B. Children with spastic pyramidal CP have a positive Babinski sign and ankle clonus.
- C. Children with hemiplegia CP have mouth muscles and one lower limb affected.
- D. Children with ataxic CP have involvement of pharyngeal and oral muscles with dysarthria.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spastic pyramidal CP is characterized by a positive Babinski sign and ankle clonus due to hypertonicity. Dyskinetic CP involves oral muscles and dysarthria, hemiplegia affects one side with upper limbs more impacted, and ataxic CP features a wide-based gait.
An adolescent with a spinal cord injury is admitted to a rehabilitation center. Her parents describe her as being angry, hostile, and uncooperative. The nurse should recognize that this is suggestive of which psychosocial state?
- A. Normal phase of adolescent development
- B. Severe depression that will require long-term counseling
- C. Normal response to her situation that can be redirected in a healthy way
- D. Denial response to her situation that makes rehabilitative efforts more difficult
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anger, hostility, and uncooperativeness in a spinal cord injury adolescent reflect a normal response to disrupted independence, which can be redirected positively during rehabilitation. This isn?t typical adolescent behavior, severe depression, or denial, but an adaptive phase.
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child with cerebral palsy (CP). The child, developmentally, is at an infant stage. Appropriate developmental stimulation for this child should be what?
- A. Playing pat-a-cake with the child
- B. None so the child does not become overstimulated
- C. Putting a colorful mobile with music on the bed
- D. Giving the child a coloring book and crayons
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A colorful mobile with music provides sensory stimulation appropriate for an infant developmental stage, supporting sensory input needs in CP. Pat-a-cake and coloring are too advanced, and avoiding stimulation neglects developmental needs.
Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) is characterized by which clinical manifestations?
- A. Athetosis, dystonic movements
- B. Tremors, lack of active movement
- C. Hypertonicity; poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion
- D. Wide-based gait; poor performance of rapid, repetitive movements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spastic CP features hypertonicity and poor posture, balance, and coordination control due to increased muscle tone and stretch reflexes. Athetosis and dystonia characterize dyskinetic CP, tremors suggest other disorders, and wide-based gait is typical of ataxic CP.
What functional ability should the nurse expect in a child with a spinal cord lesion at C7?
- A. Complete respiratory paralysis
- B. No voluntary function of upper extremities
- C. Inability to roll over or attain sitting position
- D. Almost complete independence within limitations of wheelchair
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A C7 spinal cord lesion allows significant independence with wheelchair use, with some assistance for transfers and dressing. Respiratory paralysis occurs at C3 or higher, upper extremity function is preserved, and rolling over or sitting is possible.