Nokea
What is a physiologic effect of immobilization on children?
- A. Metabolic rate increases.
- B. Venous return improves because the child is in the supine position.
- C. Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation.
- D. Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body (hypercalcemia).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immobilization reduces muscle contraction, causing venous stasis, which increases the risk of thrombus and embolus formation. Metabolic rate decreases, venous return diminishes, and bone demineralization leads to hypercalcemia, not increased bone calcium.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is teaching the girls varsity sports teams about the female athlete triad. What is essential information to include?
- A. They should take low to moderate calcium to avoid hypercalcemia.
- B. They have strong bones because of the athletic training.
- C. Pregnancy can occur in the absence of menstruation.
- D. A diet high in carbohydrates accommodates increased training.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pregnancy is possible despite amenorrhea in the female athlete triad, necessitating contraceptive education. High calcium (1500 mg) prevents osteoporosis, low estrogen weakens bones, and high-protein, high-calorie diets, not just carbohydrates, support intense training.
A student athlete was injured during a basketball game. The nurse observes significant swelling. The player states he thought he heard a pop, that the pain is pretty bad, and that the ankle feels as if it is coming apart. Based on this description, the nurse suspects what injury?
- A. Sprain
- B. Fracture
- C. Dislocation
- D. Stress fracture
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sprain, common in ankle injuries, involves ligament stretching or tearing, often with a pop sound, severe pain, and joint instability. Fractures involve bone, dislocations disrupt joint alignment, and stress fractures result from repetitive stress, not acute trauma with a pop.
A young girl has just injured her ankle at school. In addition to notifying the childs parents, what is the most appropriate, immediate action by the school nurse?
- A. Apply ice.
- B. Observe for edema and discoloration.
- C. Encourage child to assume a position of comfort.
- D. Obtain parental permission for administration of acetaminophen or aspirin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying ice immediately reduces swelling and pain in soft tissue injuries, followed by rest, elevation, and compression. Observing edema, finding a comfortable position, and administering medication are secondary to ice application.
The middle school nurse is speaking to parents about prevention of injuries as a goal of the physical education program. How should the goal be achieved?
- A. Use of protective equipment at the familys discretion
- B. Education of adults to recognize signs that indicate a risk for injury
- C. Sports medicine program to help student athletes work through overuse injuries
- D. Arrangements for multiple sports to use same athletic fields to accommodate more children
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating adults to recognize fatigue, dehydration, and injury risk signs prevents sports injuries. Protective equipment is mandatory, working through overuse injuries is harmful, and shared fields increase distraction and injury risk.
Parents bring a 7-year-old child to the clinic for evaluation of an injured wrist after a bicycle accident. The parents and child are upset, and the child will not allow an examination of the injured arm. What priority nursing intervention should occur at this time?
- A. Send the child to radiology so radiography can be performed.
- B. Initiate an intravenous line and administer morphine for the pain.
- C. Calmly ask the child to point to where the pain is worst and to wiggle fingers.
- D. Have the parents hold the child so that the nurse can examine the arm thoroughly.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gaining the child?s trust by calmly assessing pain location and finger movement is the priority to evaluate neurovascular status without increasing distress. Radiography requires initial assessment, morphine is premature, and restraining the child escalates anxiety.