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What is a priority intervention for a patient with severe anxiety?
- A. Encouraging the patient to discuss their feelings in detail.
- B. Providing a calm and quiet environment.
- C. Encouraging the patient to participate in group activities.
- D. Providing detailed information about their treatment plan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When dealing with a patient experiencing severe anxiety, providing a calm and quiet environment is a priority intervention. This approach helps reduce stimuli and anxiety levels, creating a more soothing atmosphere for the individual. Encouraging the patient to discuss their feelings in detail or participate in group activities may be beneficial in certain situations, but establishing a peaceful setting takes precedence when managing severe anxiety. Providing detailed information about their treatment plan, although important, may not be the immediate priority when the patient is in a state of severe anxiety and needs a calming environment first.
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Which nursing response provides accurate information to discuss with the female patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder and her support system?
- A. Remember that alcohol and caffeine can trigger a relapse of your symptoms.
- B. Antidepressant therapy should be carefully monitored due to the risk of a manic episode in bipolar disorder.
- C. It's crucial to inform your healthcare provider promptly if you experience sleep disturbances.
- D. Are your family members prepared to play an active role in helping manage this disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer as it emphasizes the importance of avoiding triggers like alcohol and caffeine that can lead to symptom relapse in patients with bipolar disorder. Educating the patient and their support system about these triggers is essential for managing the condition effectively and preventing exacerbations of symptoms. Choice B is incorrect as it overly focuses on antidepressant therapy, which is not the primary concern related to triggers for symptom relapse. Choice C, while important, does not directly address triggers for symptom relapse in bipolar disorder. Choice D is also relevant but does not provide immediate information on managing triggers for symptom relapse.
The nurse is providing medication education to a patient who has been prescribed lithium to stabilize mood. Which early signs and symptoms of toxicity should the nurse stress to the patient?
- A. Increased attentiveness
- B. Getting up at night to urinate
- C. Improved vision
- D. An upset stomach for no apparent reason
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct early sign of lithium toxicity that the nurse should stress to the patient is an upset stomach for no apparent reason. Early signs of lithium toxicity often manifest as gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. This can serve as an important indicator for the patient to seek medical attention promptly to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Increased attentiveness, getting up at night to urinate, and improved vision are not early signs of lithium toxicity. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the patient on recognizing gastrointestinal symptoms as potential indicators of toxicity.
Which therapeutic communication technique involves restating the patient's message to ensure understanding?
- A. Clarification
- B. Reflection
- C. Summarization
- D. Paraphrasing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Paraphrasing is the correct therapeutic communication technique where the nurse restates the patient's message in their own words to confirm understanding. This technique helps in validating the patient's feelings and ensuring that both parties are in agreement, leading to effective communication and rapport building. Choice A, 'Clarification,' involves seeking further information to enhance understanding rather than restating the message. Choice B, 'Reflection,' involves echoing the patient's feelings to show empathy rather than restating the message. Choice C, 'Summarization,' involves condensing the main points of a conversation rather than restating a specific message.
A patient is being discharged with a prescription for an antidepressant for their depression. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Take the medication with food to prevent stomach upset.
- B. Refrain from driving until you understand the effects of the medication.
- C. Do not discontinue the medication suddenly.
- D. Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most critical instruction is to not discontinue the antidepressant medication suddenly. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms and potentially trigger a relapse of depression. Options A, B, and D are important but not as crucial as ensuring the patient follows the prescribed regimen and consults with a healthcare provider before making any changes to the medication routine.
Which assessment question, when asked by the nurse, demonstrates an understanding of comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder?
- A. Do rules apply to you?
- B. What do you do to manage anxiety?
- C. Do you have a history of disordered eating?
- D. Do you think that you drink too much?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Inquiring about anxiety management demonstrates an understanding of the common comorbid condition of anxiety often seen alongside major depressive disorder. Anxiety and depression frequently coexist, and addressing anxiety management can provide insights into the patient's overall mental health status. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address comorbid mental health conditions associated with major depressive disorder.