Nokea
What is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
- A. Multiparity.
- B. Increased body weight.
- C. Late onset of menopause.
- D. Heavy alcohol intake.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heavy alcohol intake negatively affects bone density.
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A 9-month-old with glaucoma requires surgery. The infant's parents are divorced. To obtain informed consent, which action would be most appropriate?
- A. Contacting the father for informed consent
- B. Obtaining informed consent from the mother
- C. Seeking a court ruling on the course of care
- D. Determining sole or joint custody by the parents
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate action would be to determine legal custody by court decree. If the parents have joint custody, then either parent may give consent, but it is always best to have consent given by both parents.
After teaching a group of parents on childhood discipline, the nurse understands that which statement, made by a parent, demonstrates an understanding of spanking as a form of discipline?
- A. When responding to inappropriate behavior it is OK to lightly spank.
- B. Use a combination of spanking along with other methods of discipline.
- C. Use spanking as a last resort when time-out has failed.
- D. Use methods other than spanking to respond to inappropriate behavior.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because of the negative consequences of spanking, and because it has been shown to be no more effective than other methods for managing inappropriate behavior, it is recommended that parents use methods other than spanking to respond to inappropriate behavior.
During the counseling sessions about hepatitis B vaccination, what should the nurse advise the client to receive?
- A. Hepatitis B immune globulin before receiving the vaccine.
- B. Vaccine booster every 10 years.
- C. Complete series of three intramuscular injections.
- D. Vaccine as soon as she becomes 21.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The hepatitis B vaccine requires a complete series of three intramuscular injections.
What is the best response by the nurse regarding condoms plus spermicide for contraception and infection prevention?
- A. That is correct. It is best to use a condom with spermicide during every sexual contact.
- B. That is true, except if you have intercourse twice in one evening. Then you do not have to apply more spermicide.
- C. That is not true. It has been shown that condoms alone are very effective and that the spermicide might increase the transmission of some viruses.
- D. That is not necessarily true. Spermicide has been shown to cause cancer in men and women who use it too frequently.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Combining condoms and spermicide enhances protection against pregnancy and STIs.
The nurse makes an error of omission. What is an example of an error of omission?
- A. placing the fetal monitor incorrectly
- B. not recording input/output amounts
- C. not covering the computer screen when documenting
- D. removing an IV
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because not recording input/output amounts can lead to missed vital information affecting patient care. Omission errors involve failing to perform a required action. Placing the fetal monitor incorrectly (A) is an error of commission, actively doing something incorrectly. Not covering the computer screen (C) is a breach of patient confidentiality, not an omission error. Removing an IV (D) is an active intervention, not an omission error.