Nokea
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) who has scrotal edema?
- A. Place an ice pack on the scrotal area.
- B. Place the child in an upright sitting position.
- C. Elevate the scrotum with a rolled washcloth.
- D. Place a warm moist pack to the scrotal area.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the scrotum with a rolled washcloth helps reduce edema by promoting fluid drainage. Ice packs are not recommended due to the risk of frostbite, and warm moist packs are not typically used for this purpose. An upright position does not specifically address the edema.
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The nurse is teaching a client to prevent future urinary tract infections (UTIs). What factor is most important to emphasize as the potential cause?
- A. Poor hygiene
- B. Constipation
- C. Urinary stasis
- D. Congenital anomalies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urinary stasis is the most important factor in the development of UTIs because it provides an environment for bacterial growth. While poor hygiene and congenital anomalies are contributing factors, preventing urinary stasis is key in UTI prevention.
What are signs and symptoms of a possible kidney transplant rejection in a child? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fever
- B. Hypotension
- C. All are applicable
- D. Swelling and tenderness of graft area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Signs of kidney transplant rejection include fever, diminished urinary output, and swelling/tenderness in the graft area. These symptoms indicate that the body may be rejecting the transplanted organ, requiring immediate medical attention.
Parents of a newborn with ambiguous genitalia want to know how long they will have to wait to know whether they have a boy or a girl. The nurse answers the parents based on what knowledge?
- A. Chromosome analysis will be complete in 7 days.
- B. A physical examination will be able to provide a definitive answer.
- C. Additional laboratory testing is necessary to assign the correct gender.
- D. Gender assignment involves collaboration between the parents and a multidisciplinary team.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gender assignment in cases of ambiguous genitalia is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary approach, including genetic, endocrinological, and psychological evaluations. The decision should be made collaboratively with the parents.
In teaching the parent of a newly diagnosed 2-year-old child with pyelonephritis related to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the nurse should include which information?
- A. Limit fluids to reduce reflux.
- B. Give cranberry juice twice a day.
- C. Have siblings examined for VUR.
- D. Surgery is indicated to reverse scarring.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Siblings should be examined for VUR as it can run in families, and early detection can prevent complications. Limiting fluids is not advisable, and cranberry juice is not effective in preventing VUR. Surgery is usually not indicated for scarring reversal.
Which parental statement at the conclusion of a teaching session regarding environmental controls for childhood asthma indicates correct understanding of the information presented?
- A. ''We're glad the dog can continue to sleep in our child's room.''
- B. ''We'll keep the plants in our child's room dusted.''
- C. ''We'll be sure to use the fireplace often to keep the house warm in the winter.''
- D. ''We will replace the carpet in our child's bedroom with a hard surface.''
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Replacing carpet with hard flooring helps to reduce allergens and asthma triggers in the child's environment. Choice A is incorrect as having a dog in the child's room can worsen asthma symptoms due to pet dander. Choice B is incorrect because keeping plants in the child's room can increase mold spores and allergens. Choice C is incorrect as using a fireplace can introduce smoke and other irritants into the air, worsening asthma symptoms.