Nokea
What is an example of assimilation?
- A. absorption of glycerol into lacteals
- B. breakdown of alcohol in the liver
- C. building of proteins from amino acids
- D. release of a hormone from a gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assimilation involves using absorbed nutrients to synthesize cellular components; building proteins from amino acids is a prime example.
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Oxyntic (parietal) cells show the following EXCEPT:
- A. Rich in rER
- B. Intracellular C shaped canaliculi
- C. Numerous mitochondria & actin filaments
- D. Tubulovesicular system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parietal cells are rich in mitochondria for energy, not rER, which is more prominent in chief cells.
Which type of motility in the large intestine helps in the absorption of water and electrolytes?
- A. Peristalsis
- B. Segmentation
- C. Mass movements
- D. Swallowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Segmentation in the large intestine involves rhythmic contractions that mix contents, increasing contact time with the mucosa for water and electrolyte absorption.
Isthmus of fundic [gastric] gland contain the following except:
- A. Surface epithelial cells
- B. Parietal cells
- C. Chief cells.
- D. Stem cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The isthmus contains stem cells, surface epithelial cells, and parietal cells, but chief cells are found deeper in the gland body and base.
Duodenum has characteristic Brunner's glands which secrete -
- A. Estrogen
- B. Prolactin, parathormone
- C. Estradiol, progesterone
- D. Alkaline secretion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Brunner's glands secrete an alkaline mucus to neutralize acidic chyme from the stomach.
Besides carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals, what other nutrient does your body need for life?
- A. DNA
- B. chlorophyll
- C. water
- D. none of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water is an essential nutrient required for all bodily functions.