RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN Related

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What is an important consideration in understanding the reactions of parents when their infant is born with physical defects?

  • A. Grief lasts until the defects are repaired.
  • B. Denial is a common adaptive reaction.
  • C. The psychologic reaction is similar to that with the death of an infant.
  • D. Reactions of health professionals to the birth of an infant can affect parents' reactions.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a parent's infant is born with physical defects, understanding the psychological reactions is crucial. The reaction is often similar to the grief experienced when facing the death of a child. Parents need to grieve for the loss of the expected child and adapt to the needs of a child with physical defects. The grief process typically involves stages like shock, frustration, and anger, which can last for years. Denial during the shock phase is not maladaptive but can help parents cope initially. Additionally, parents are sensitive to the behavior of health professionals, whose interactions can significantly influence the parents' reactions to the infant. Therefore, recognizing the similarity of the psychological reaction to grief is an important consideration in understanding how parents cope with their infant's physical defects.

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A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after the administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?

  • A. We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill.
  • B. We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered.
  • C. We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake.
  • D. We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for homeschooling.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Children with MCNS who are in remission can usually attend school and participate in normal activities with precautions to avoid infections. Home schooling may not be necessary, and this indicates a misunderstanding of the condition's management.

When assessing a child with chronic renal failure, which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find?

  • A. Uremic frost
  • B. Hypotension
  • C. Massive hematuria
  • D. Severe metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When assessing a child with chronic renal failure, the nurse would expect to find uremic frost as a clinical manifestation. Uremic frost, a white powdery deposit of urea on the skin, occurs in severe cases of chronic renal failure due to the accumulation of urea and other waste products in the blood. Hypotension and massive hematuria are less common in chronic renal failure, while severe metabolic acidosis is typically mild to moderate and not a prominent clinical manifestation.

What diagnostic test allows visualization of renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external-beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

  • A. Renal ultrasonography
  • B. Computed tomography
  • C. Intravenous pyelography
  • D. Voiding cystourethrography
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Renal ultrasonography provides imaging of the renal parenchyma and pelvis without the risks associated with radiation or radioactive isotopes, making it a safer option, especially for children.

Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?

  • A. Minimize separation anxiety
  • B. Prevent urinary complications.
  • C. Increase acceptance of hospitalization.
  • D. Promote development of normal body image.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Early repair of congenital genitourinary defects like hypospadias is important to promote a normal body image and avoid psychological issues as the child grows. It also helps prevent urinary complications and allows for normal development.

What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

  • A. Low specific gravity
  • B. Decreased hemoglobin
  • C. Normal platelet count
  • D. Reduced serum albumin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Reduced serum albumin is a hallmark of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) due to massive proteinuria. This results in hypoalbuminemia, which contributes to the edema characteristic of this condition.

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