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What is involved in client education by the nurse?
- A. Telling the client everything about their disease, what will happen in the course of the disease, and the outcome.
- B. Giving information to the client that is accurate and understandable.
- C. Informing the client that the pain they experience might not be real.
- D. Administering medication to the client when they experience pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Client education by the nurse involves providing accurate and understandable information to the client. It is essential to offer relevant details without overwhelming them, making choice B the correct answer. Choice A is incorrect because providing excessive details can confuse the client rather than empower them with necessary knowledge. Choice C is incorrect as it is not the role of the nurse to question the reality of a client's pain; instead, they should address and manage the pain effectively. Choice D is incorrect as client education focuses on providing information and empowering clients with knowledge, not just administering medication.
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The ICU nurse caring for a client who has just been declared brain dead can expect to find evidence of the client's wishes regarding organ donation:
- A. on the client's driver's license.
- B. in the client's safety deposit box.
- C. in the client's last will and testament.
- D. on the client's insurance card.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In most states, indication of organ donor status is found on the client's driver's license, making it easily accessible for decision-making in critical situations like declaring brain death. Evidence in a last will and testament or a safety deposit box may not be promptly available. Information about organ donation is typically not included on insurance cards. The primary care physician's health record documentation could also be a relevant source for the ICU nurse. Therefore, the correct answer is finding evidence of the client's wishes regarding organ donation on the client's driver's license.
When are pressure ulcers most likely to occur?
- A. when clients are left in one position in bed for extended periods of time.
- B. when clients are underweight.
- C. when clients are overweight.
- D. only in underweight and overweight clients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure ulcers usually occur over bony prominences and are caused by decreased circulation. The client who is left in one position in bed for extended periods of time is more prone to decreased circulation to an area of the body and to acquiring a pressure ulcer. Choices B and C are incorrect as pressure ulcers are not exclusive to underweight or overweight clients. The key factor is prolonged pressure on the skin, not the weight of the client. Therefore, the correct answer is that pressure ulcers are most likely to occur when clients are immobilized in one position for extended periods of time.
Which of the following tests is commonly performed on newborns with jaundice?
- A. blood urea nitrogen
- B. magnesium
- C. bilirubin
- D. prolactin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: bilirubin. A high bilirubin level is found in newborns with hepatic immaturity, leading to jaundice. Testing bilirubin levels is crucial in diagnosing and monitoring jaundice in newborns. Choices A, B, and D (blood urea nitrogen, magnesium, and prolactin) are not commonly performed tests for evaluating jaundice in newborns. Blood urea nitrogen is a measure of kidney function, magnesium levels are usually checked in metabolic disorders, and prolactin is a hormone related to lactation, none of which are directly relevant to assessing jaundice in newborns.
The nurse is educating a teenage female about preventing the transmission of genital herpes. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. "Do not sit on toilet seats without protection."?
- B. "Oral sex can transmit the virus."?
- C. "This infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when you do not feel ill."?
- D. "Try to drink plenty of fluids after sex to flush the reproductive tract."?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Genital herpes can be transmitted through oral, genital, and anal sex. It is crucial to educate the patient that the infection can be transmitted via intercourse even when asymptomatic to prevent its spread. Choice A is incorrect as sitting on toilet seats without protection does not transmit genital herpes. Choice B is incorrect because oral sex can transmit the virus. Choice D is also incorrect as drinking fluids after sex does not prevent the transmission of genital herpes.
When planning play activities for a hospitalized school-age child, a nurse uses Erikson's theory of psychosocial development to select an appropriate activity. The nurse selects an activity that will assist the child in developing which developmental goal?
- A. A sense of industry
- B. Autonomy
- C. A sense of trust
- D. Initiative
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A sense of industry.' According to Erikson, the central task of the school-age years is the development of a sense of industry. During this stage, children engage in activities like schoolwork, crafts, chores, hobbies, and sports to develop a sense of competence and productivity. The development of trust is the primary task of infancy, autonomy is the task of toddlerhood, and initiative is the task of the preschool years. Therefore, in this scenario, focusing on fostering a sense of industry aligns with the developmental goals of a school-age child.