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What is the advantage of a multipronged cane over a single-tipped cane?
- A. It is easier to adjust to the patient's height.
- B. It can stand by itself rather than having to be leaned against something.
- C. The handle on a multipronged cane is easier to grasp.
- D. It decreases the chances of the cane slipping as the patient leans on it.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A multipronged cane's wider base reduces slipping risk and improves stability.
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A patient has skeletal traction applied to his left lower leg. Why is pin site care critical for this patient?
- A. To prevent infection at the pin insertion sites.
- B. To promote faster bone healing.
- C. To reduce pain during traction.
- D. To maintain traction alignment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pin site care is critical to prevent infection, as pins penetrate skin and bone, creating an infection risk. Other options are not directly related to pin site care.
A patient has a quarter-size amount of drainage on her cast. The next day the amount of drainage has increased to 2 inches (5 cm) in diameter. The nurse would be most concerned about
- A. Swelling beneath the cast.
- B. Neurovascular impairment.
- C. Infection under the cast.
- D. Placing tape petals over the edges of the cast.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing drainage on a cast suggests possible infection, requiring immediate attention. Swelling or neurovascular issues are less directly tied to drainage.
When using a walker, where should the patient stand? What is the reason for this?
- A. Inside the walker frame to ensure stability.
- B. Behind the walker to push it forward.
- C. Beside the walker to maintain balance.
- D. In front of the walker to guide it.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient stands inside the walker frame to ensure stability and support, reducing the risk of falling by keeping the body centered within the walker's base.
A patient came to the ER complaining of pain in her elbow after a fall. The x-ray shows fractured ulna at the olecranon process. There is also a suspected fracture of the radius. Which diagnostic test would be most helpful in determining a complete diagnosis?
- A. CT scan
- B. MRI
- C. Bone scan
- D. Electromyelogram
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A CT scan provides detailed imaging of bones, making it ideal for confirming suspected fractures like the radius fracture. MRI is better for soft tissue, bone scans for bone activity, and electromyelograms assess nerve function.
A patient is admitted with an elevated temperature and complaining of pain under his arm cast. A bad odor is noted coming from the elbow area of the cast. The patient tells you that his arm has been itching a great deal under the cast. What concern do you have?
- A. The patient may have damaged the skin under the cast, causing infection.
- B. The bone is not healing well under the cast, causing the pain.
- C. The skin under the cast is breaking down because of pressure from the cast.
- D. The patient may be developing gangrene (tissue death) under the cast, causing the odor.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fever, pain, odor, and itching suggest a possible infection under the cast, likely from skin damage. Gangrene is less likely without systemic symptoms, and bone healing issues don't cause odor.