Nokea
What is the antidote for Heparin?
- A. Protamine sulfate
- B. Narcan
- C. Romazicon
- D. Naloxone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A client receiving chemotherapy with Methotrexate asks why Leucovorin is being given. Which of the following responses should the nurse use?
- A. Leucovorin reduces the risk of a transfusion reaction from Methotrexate.
- B. Leucovorin increases platelet production and prevents bleeding.
- C. Leucovorin potentiates the cytotoxic effects of Methotrexate.
- D. Leucovorin protects healthy cells from Methotrexate's toxic effects.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leucovorin, a folic acid derivative and an antagonist to Methotrexate, is given within 12 hours of high doses of Methotrexate to protect healthy cells from the toxic effects of Methotrexate. It helps to reduce the bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal side effects caused by Methotrexate, supporting the client's overall well-being during chemotherapy treatment.
While discussing antihypertensives, the instructor states that a particular agent causes a reduction in blood pressure by blocking receptor sites. The student wishing to understand this statement would research which drug information?
- A. Drug-drug interaction
- B. Adverse effects
- C. Indication
- D. Mechanism of action
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blocking receptor sites to lower blood pressure describes the drug's mechanism of action-how it works (e.g., beta-blockers on adrenergic receptors). Interactions detail combined effects. Adverse effects list risks. Indication states purpose (hypertension). Mechanism explains the receptor-blocking process, key to understanding the statement, aligning with pharmacology's focus on action.
A client has a new prescription for Verapamil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- B. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
- C. Expect to feel drowsy or lightheaded.
- D. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
An adolescent male is newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following antipsychotic agents may have the best chance to improve his apathy and blunted affect?
- A. Chlorpromazine
- B. Fluphenazine
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Risperidone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Risperidone, a second-generation antipsychotic, blocks D2 and 5HT2 receptors, improving positive symptoms (hallucinations) and, to some extent, negative symptoms like apathy and blunted affect, common in schizophrenia's prodrome. First-generation agents—chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol—target D2 receptors, effectively reducing positive symptoms but often worsening negative symptoms via dopamine blockade in the prefrontal cortex. Thioridazine, also first-generation, has similar limitations. Risperidone's serotonin antagonism may enhance prefrontal dopamine release, offering a modest edge in addressing negative symptoms, supported by studies, making it preferable for this adolescent's presentation.
A client is taking Warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will avoid eating broccoli.
- B. I will use an electric razor to shave.
- C. I will take aspirin for headaches.
- D. I will have my blood tested regularly.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.