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What is the antidote for Warfarin?
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin B6
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A client is receiving Gentamicin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to assess for nephrotoxicity?
- A. Serum sodium.
- B. Serum creatinine.
- C. Serum potassium.
- D. Serum glucose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client is receiving Gentamicin, the nurse should monitor serum creatinine levels to assess for nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin is known to potentially cause nephrotoxicity, leading to impaired kidney function. Monitoring serum creatinine levels helps in early detection of any kidney damage or dysfunction.
A patient is taking oral acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, to decrease intraocular pressure. When providing drug education, which side effect will the nurse advise the patient to anticipate?
- A. Increased weight
- B. Light sensitivity
- C. Burning or stinging of the eyes
- D. Increased urine output
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, promotes diuresis by inhibiting the reabsorption of bicarbonate in the kidneys, leading to increased urine output. This is a common side effect that patients should be informed about. Increased weight (A) is not typically associated with acetazolamide. Light sensitivity (B) and burning or stinging of the eyes (C) are more commonly associated with topical ophthalmic medications, not systemic acetazolamide.
A healthcare professional is caring for a client who is receiving heparin therapy. Which of the following laboratory tests should the healthcare professional monitor to evaluate the therapeutic effect of heparin?
- A. PT/INR
- B. Platelet count
- C. aPTT
- D. WBC count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct test to monitor the therapeutic effect of heparin is the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Heparin's action is to prolong the clotting time, and aPTT reflects this effect. Monitoring aPTT helps ensure that the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation while minimizing the risk of bleeding complications. PT/INR is used to monitor warfarin therapy, platelet count assesses for potential thrombocytopenia, and WBC count evaluates for signs of infection or inflammation, not the therapeutic effect of heparin.
An 86-year-old patient is being discharged to home on digitalis therapy and has very little information regarding the medication. Which statement best reflects a realistic outcome of patient teaching activities?
- A. The patient and patient's daughter will state the proper way to take the drug.
- B. The nurse will provide teaching about the drug's adverse effects.
- C. The patient will state all the symptoms of digitalis toxicity.
- D. The patient will call the prescriber if adverse effects occur.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patient education is a critical component of nursing care, especially for elderly patients who may have difficulty understanding complex medication regimens. A realistic outcome for an 86-year-old patient and their caregiver (daughter) is that they can state the proper way to take the drug. This ensures that the medication is taken correctly, reducing the risk of toxicity or underdosing. While teaching about adverse effects and symptoms of toxicity is important, expecting the patient to recall all symptoms may be unrealistic due to age-related cognitive decline. The most practical and achievable goal is ensuring the patient and caregiver understand the proper administration of the medication.
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of overdosage of aspirin. The nurse suspects which of the following can be an early sign of aspirin toxicity?
- A. Unsteady gait
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Confusion
- D. Tinnitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) is an early sign of aspirin toxicity. Aspirin poisoning can cause salicylate intoxication, which includes symptoms like tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, confusion, rapid breathing, and sweating. Other signs of aspirin toxicity may include respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperthermia, and even seizures. Monitoring for tinnitus is important in clients who may have aspirin toxicity as it serves as an early warning sign to prevent further complications.