Nokea
What is the best description of anorexia nervosa?
- A. Occurs most frequently in adolescent males
- B. Occurs most frequently in adolescents from lower socioeconomic groups
- C. Results from a posterior pituitary disorder
- D. Results in severe weight loss in the absence of obvious physical causes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder characterized by a persistent restriction of food intake, leading to significantly low body weight. Individuals with anorexia have an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, despite being underweight. The disorder results in severe weight loss due to excessive dieting, exercising, or other behaviors to control weight. It is not caused by a posterior pituitary disorder, nor is it limited to a specific gender or socioeconomic group.
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Tumor lysis syndrome is a common complication during treatment of pediatric malignancies. Which malignancy is more likely to manifest such complication?
- A. acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
- B. nephroblastoma
- C. neuroblastoma
- D. Burkitt lymphoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A school-age child with chronic renal failure is admitted to the hospital with a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which prescribed medication should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- B. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
- C. Lactulose (Cephulac)
- D. Calcium carbonate (Calcitab)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia, which can be dangerous for a child with chronic renal failure. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is a medication commonly used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestine, promoting the elimination of excess potassium through the gastrointestinal tract. This helps lower the serum potassium levels and prevent complications associated with hyperkalemia. Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic and should be avoided in a child with hyperkalemia. Lactulose (Cephulac) is a laxative and does not directly address high potassium levels. Calcium carbonate (Calcitab) is a calcium supplement and is not indicated for managing hyperkalemia.
An adolescent has been diagnosed with Chlamydia infection. Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this condition?
- A. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM
- B. Azithromycin (Zithromax) PO
- C. Acyclovir (Zovirax) PO
- D. Penicillin G benzathine (Bicillin) IV
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chlamydia infection is commonly treated with antibiotics, such as azithromycin or doxycycline. Azithromycin is often preferred due to its convenience of a single oral dose. It is effective in treating Chlamydia infections in both adolescents and adults. Ceftriaxone, penicillin G benzathine, and acyclovir are used to treat different types of infections and are not appropriate choices for Chlamydia infection.
Management of hypercalcemia includes all of the following actions except administration of:
- A. Fluid to dilute the calcium levels
- B. The diuretic furosemide (Lasix), without saline, to increase calcium excretion through kidneys
- C. Inorganic phosphate salts
- D. Intravenous phosphate therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While furosemide can increase calcium excretion through the kidneys, it may also exacerbate volume depletion and potentially lead to further increase in serum calcium levels. Therefore, administration of furosemide without proper saline or fluid replacement should be avoided in the management of hypercalcemia. The other options mentioned, such as giving fluids to dilute calcium levels, using inorganic phosphate salts, and providing intravenous phosphate therapy, are all appropriate measures in treating hypercalcemia.
Atelectasis due to foreign body inhalation is characterized by each of the following EXCEPT:
- A. Mediastinum is pulled towards the affected side
- B. Intercostal spaces on the affected side may be narrowed
- C. Percussion note is usually normal
- D. Breath sounds are reduced
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.