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What is the best intervention for the nurse caring for a child experiencing an acute asthma attack?
- A. Offer plenty of fluids, particularly carbonated beverages.
- B. Place the child in a humidified cool mist tent with oxygen.
- C. Administer sedatives as ordered to decrease anxiety.
- D. Position the child with arms resting on the overbed table.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This position is comfortable and allows maximum use of the accessory muscles for breathing.
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The asthmatic child who has been taking theophylline complains of stomachache and tachycardia and is sweating profusely. What does the nurse recognize as the cause of these symptoms?
- A. Severe asthma attack
- B. Allergic response to theophylline
- C. Onset of bronchitis
- D. Drug toxicity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms described are the signs of theophylline toxicity.
Which is the most appropriate nursing action when planning care for a child with cystic fibrosis?
- A. Provide chest physiotherapy before meals every day.
- B. Assess weight monthly.
- C. Administer pancreas with protein food at mealtime.
- D. Ensure high-protein, high-calorie diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The maintenance of adequate nutrition is essential. The diet is high in protein and calories.
Which statement indicates that the child's parents understand how to perform respiratory therapy?
- A. We do her postural drainage before the aerosol therapy.'
- B. We give her respiratory treatments when she is coughing a lot.'
- C. We give the aerosol followed by postural drainage before meals.'
- D. She needs respiratory therapy every day when she has an infection.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postural drainage for the child with CF is done following nebulization. Therapy is best scheduled before meals or at least 1 hour after eating to prevent vomiting.
The school nurse suspects a first-grade student has sinusitis. Which symptoms might lead the nurse to this suspicion? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Child reports tooth pain.
- B. Severe wheezing is auscultated on inspiration.
- C. Child reports, 'I have had a cold for 2 weeks.'
- D. Nurse observes periorbital swelling.
- E. Halitosis is present.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The proximity of the sinus to the tooth roots often results in tooth pain when the sinus is infected.
The teaching plan for the use of a dry powder inhaler for the treatment of asthma should include the warning to rinse the mouth after inhaling the powder. What does this prevent?
- A. Discoloration of tooth enamel
- B. Halitosis
- C. Irritation of oral membranes
- D. Candidiasis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhalant powders can cause candidiasis (yeast) infection of the mouth.