Nokea
What is the best reason for administering vitamin A to a postpartum client?
- A. To help strengthen her immune system
- B. To improve her vision
- C. To protect her from infection
- D. To promote wound healing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To help strengthen her immune system. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy immune system, which is especially important for postpartum women to prevent infections. Vitamin A deficiency can weaken the immune response, making the body more susceptible to infections.
Explanation for other choices:
B: To improve her vision - While vitamin A is essential for good vision, it is not the primary reason for administering it to a postpartum client.
C: To protect her from infection - This is partially correct, as vitamin A helps protect against infections, but the primary reason is to strengthen the immune system.
D: To promote wound healing - Vitamin A is important for wound healing, but the immune system support is the key reason for administering it in the postpartum period.
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What is the legal basis of the Primary Health Care approach in the Philippines?
- A. Alma Ata Declaration on PHC
- B. Letter of Instruction No. 949
- C. Presidential Decree No. 147
- D. Presidential Decree No. 996
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Letter of Instruction No. 949. This document issued by the Philippine government in 1979 officially adopted the Primary Health Care (PHC) approach. It outlined the strategies and framework for implementing PHC nationwide. The Alma Ata Declaration on PHC (A) is a global agreement but not the legal basis in the Philippines. Presidential Decree No. 147 (C) and Presidential Decree No. 996 (D) do not specifically address the PHC approach. Therefore, the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines is Letter of Instruction No. 949.
What care is given to a woman within a month after the delivery of a baby?
- A. Follow-up care
- B. Maternity care
- C. Puerperal care
- D. Post-natal care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Post-natal care. Post-natal care refers to the care given to a woman within a month after delivering a baby. This care is crucial for monitoring the mother's physical and emotional health, providing support with breastfeeding, ensuring proper healing, and addressing any postpartum complications. Follow-up care (A) is a general term that may include various types of care beyond the immediate post-natal period. Maternity care (B) typically refers to the care provided during pregnancy and childbirth, not specifically after delivery. Puerperal care (C) specifically focuses on the period immediately following childbirth and may not encompass the entire month post-delivery.
When preparing a primigravida for breastfeeding, which of the following will you do?
- A. Explain that lactation usually begins 1 to 3 days after delivery
- B. Teach her nipple stretching exercises if her nipples are flat or inverted
- C. Advise against washing her nipples excessively before and after each breastfeeding
- D. Inform her that putting the baby to breast can help reduce post-delivery blood loss
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because putting the baby to breast stimulates the release of oxytocin, which helps the uterus contract and reduce post-delivery blood loss. This promotes faster recovery for the mother.
A: Incorrect - Lactation usually begins within 24-48 hours, not 1 to 3 days after delivery.
B: Incorrect - Nipple stretching exercises are not necessary for breastfeeding success and can cause discomfort.
C: Incorrect - Excessive washing of nipples can strip away natural oils and cause dryness or irritation, affecting breastfeeding.
Which of the following is an appropriate site for administration of DPT vaccine?
- A. Deltoid muscle
- B. Vastus lateralis muscle
- C. Gluteus maximus muscle
- D. Abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vastus lateralis muscle. The vastus lateralis is a recommended site for administration of DPT vaccine in infants and young children. It is a large muscle located in the thigh, providing a well-developed area for injection with minimal risk of hitting nerves or blood vessels. The site is easily accessible, especially for parents or caregivers administering the vaccine.
Choice A (Deltoid muscle) is more commonly used in adults, not preferred for infants. Choices C (Gluteus maximus muscle) and D (Abdomen) are not recommended sites for DPT vaccine administration due to potential risk of hitting sciatic nerve in the gluteal region and abdominal organs in the abdomen, respectively.
Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?
- A. Estimated midyear population
- B. Number of registered live births
- C. Number of pregnancies in the year
- D. Number of females of reproductive age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Number of registered live births. The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a specific period by the total number of women of reproductive age during that period. This numerator reflects the actual occurrence of live births in the population, making it the most appropriate measure for determining fertility rates accurately.
A: Estimated midyear population is not used as the numerator because it does not directly measure fertility rates.
C: Number of pregnancies in the year includes all pregnancies, not just live births, which would overestimate the fertility rate.
D: Number of females of reproductive age is not used as the numerator as it represents the total population, not the specific group giving birth.