Nokea
What is the challenge in encouraging coughing and deep breathing for a postoperative patient who had an open cholecystectomy?
- A. High placement of incision
- B. Excessive nausea
- C. Weakened abdominal muscles
- D. Poor oxygenation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The high placement of the incision of the cholecystectomy makes the patient reluctant to cough. Splinting the incision is beneficial.
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Which should the nurse expect of a patient with a malabsorption of vitamin K?
- A. Anemia
- B. Excess platelet production
- C. Increased coagulation time
- D. Elevated for infection due to diminished white blood cell count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prothrombin times are increased because malabsorption of vitamin K or inability to produce the clotting factors VII, IX, and X cause the patient to have bleeding tendencies.
Which patient statement indicates that the patient requires additional teaching about an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography?
- A. Right after the test, I want breakfast with black coffee.'
- B. The instrument will be put down my throat.'
- C. I haven't had anything to eat or drink since 9 p.m. last night.'
- D. My doctor said I could have medicine to relax me before the test.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After the procedure, keep the patient at nothing by mouth status (NPO) until the gag reflex returns.
Which is an indication for a liver transplant?
- A. Congenital biliary abnormalities
- B. Hepatic malignancy
- C. Chronic hepatitis
- D. Cirrhosis due to alcoholism
- E. Gallbladder disease
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Indications for liver transplantation include congenital biliary abnormalities, inborn errors of metabolism, hepatic malignancy (confined to the liver), sclerosing cholangitis, and chronic end-stage liver disease.
Which factors may increase a patient's risk of developing cancer of the pancreas?
- A. Diet high in carbohydrates and dairy products
- B. Cardiovascular disease and glaucoma
- C. Tea and cola consumption
- D. Cigarette smoking and having diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cause of cancer of the pancreas is unknown, but it is diagnosed more often in cigarette smokers, people exposed to chemical carcinogens, and people with diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis.
Why is it advantageous for a live person to be a liver donor?
- A. Because the donor is not at risk for any complication.
- B. Because the recipient is more likely to avoid rejection.
- C. Because the donor donates only a part of the liver.
- D. Because the blood supply is more dependable in the donated liver.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A live donor may donate only a portion of their liver and within weeks the donor's liver has grown to the size to meet the body's needs. The same is true for the recipient.