Biology HESI A2 Practice Test

Biology HESI A2 Practice Test Related

Review Biology HESI A2 Practice Test related questions and content

What is the classification of organisms into different categories based on their physical characteristics and presumed natural relationship?

  • A. Biology
  • B. Taxonomy
  • C. Grouping
  • D. Nomenclature
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Taxonomy is the correct answer. Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the classification of organisms into different categories based on their physical characteristics and presumed natural relationship. It involves naming and categorizing organisms into hierarchical groups to show their evolutionary relationships.

Choice A, 'Biology,' is incorrect as it is the broader field of science that encompasses the study of living organisms. Choice C, 'Grouping,' is incorrect as it is a general term that does not specifically refer to the systematic classification of organisms. Choice D, 'Nomenclature,' is incorrect as it refers to the system of naming organisms rather than the classification based on physical characteristics and natural relationships.

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DNA bases include all but which of the following?

  • A. Adenine
  • B. Thymine
  • C. Uracil
  • D. Cytosine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uracil. Uracil is not a DNA base; it is a base found only in RNA. The four bases in DNA are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine. Choice A, Adenine, is a correct DNA base. Choice B, Thymine, is a correct DNA base. Choice D, Cytosine, is a correct DNA base. Therefore, Uracil is the only incorrect choice among the options provided.

Which of the following is not true about enzymes?

  • A. They catalyze reactions
  • B. They lower the activation energy needed
  • C. They have an active site
  • D. They are typically proteins
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur, not raise it. By lowering the activation energy, enzymes facilitate reactions, making them occur more easily and rapidly. Choice A is correct as enzymes indeed catalyze reactions. Choice C is correct as enzymes have specific active sites where substrates bind. Choice D is correct as enzymes are commonly proteins, although some RNA molecules also exhibit catalytic properties.

How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction?

  • A. asexual reproduction results in all cells being identical to the original cell; sexual reproduction results in half of the cells being identical to the original cell
  • B. asexual reproduction results in two cells that contribute genetic material to daughter cells, resulting in significantly greater variation
  • C. sexual reproduction involves two cells that contribute genetic material to daughter cells, resulting in significantly greater variation
  • D. sexual reproduction involves one cell that yields all cells produced to be identical
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sexual reproduction involves two cells (gametes) that contribute genetic material to daughter cells, resulting in significantly greater genetic variation in the offspring. This genetic variation is essential for evolution and adaptation to environmental changes. In contrast, asexual reproduction involves one cell dividing to produce offspring that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Choice A is incorrect because sexual reproduction does not result in half of the cells being identical to the original cell; it involves two cells contributing genetic material. Choice B is incorrect because asexual reproduction does not result in significantly greater variation; it produces genetically identical offspring. Choice D is incorrect because sexual reproduction involves two cells contributing genetic material, not one cell yielding all identical cells.

Tonicity refers to the movement of:

  • A. Water
  • B. Solute
  • C. Cells
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tonicity refers to the movement of water across a membrane in response to differences in solute concentration. In a hypertonic solution, where there is a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell, water will move out of the cell to try to reach equilibrium. In a hypotonic solution, where there is a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell, water will move into the cell to balance the concentrations. Cells and solutes themselves do not actively move in response to tonicity; it is the movement of water that helps achieve equilibrium. Therefore, the correct answer is water (Choice A). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as tonicity specifically refers to water movement and not the movement of solutes, cells, or none of the above.

How do animal cells divide?

  • A. Through a contractile ring
  • B. Via a cell plate
  • C. Both methods
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Animal cells divide through a contractile ring made of actin and myosin filaments. The ring contracts, pinching the cell membrane in the middle to form two daughter cells. Plant cells use a cell plate due to their rigid cell walls, making choices B and C incorrect. Choice D is incorrect as animal cells do use the contractile ring method for division.

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