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What is the embryonic membrane that contains fingerlike projections on its surface, which attach to the uterine wall?
- A. Amnion
- B. Yolk sac
- C. Chorion
- D. Decidua basalis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The chorion is a thick membrane with fingerlike projections (villi) on its outermost surface.
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A woman missed her menstrual period 1 week ago and has come to the doctor’s office for a pregnancy test. Which placental hormone is measured in pregnancy tests?
- A. Progesterone
- B. Estrogen
- C. Human chorionic gonadotropin
- D. Human placental lactogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Human chorionic gonadotropin is the basis for most pregnancy tests. It is detectable in maternal blood as soon as implantation occurs, usually 7 to 9 days after fertilization.
What is true about the morula stage of development?
- A. Fertilized egg has yet to implant
- B. Lung fields are completely formed
- C. Sex of fetus can be identified
- D. Eyelids begin to open and close
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The morula stage occurs before implantation, representing an early phase of embryonic development.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who has a history of gestational hypertension. Which intervention is most important to reduce the risk of complications?
- A. Monitor blood pressure regularly during pregnancy.
- B. Encourage the patient to exercise vigorously.
- C. Instruct the patient to eat a high-sodium diet.
- D. Advise the patient to reduce her fluid intake to avoid edema.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor blood pressure regularly during pregnancy. Regular monitoring is crucial to detect any changes in blood pressure early and intervene promptly to prevent complications like preeclampsia.
Choice B is incorrect because vigorous exercise can increase blood pressure. Choice C is incorrect as a high-sodium diet can worsen hypertension. Choice D is incorrect as reducing fluid intake can lead to dehydration and potentially exacerbate hypertension. Regular blood pressure monitoring is key in managing gestational hypertension and ensuring the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
A nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is at 38 weeks gestation and reports a sudden decrease in fetal movement. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Encourage the patient to drink a cold beverage and lie down to stimulate fetal movement.
- B. Ask the patient to monitor fetal movements for 24 hours and report any changes.
- C. Perform a nonstress test and assess fetal heart rate.
- D. Wait until the next prenatal appointment to check for fetal movement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, performing a nonstress test and assessing fetal heart rate. This is the priority action because a sudden decrease in fetal movement at 38 weeks gestation could indicate fetal distress or potential complications. A nonstress test helps evaluate fetal well-being by monitoring the fetal heart rate in response to fetal movement. This test provides immediate information about the baby's condition and any need for further intervention. Encouraging the patient to drink a cold beverage and lie down may not be effective in this situation, as it does not address the underlying cause of decreased fetal movement. Asking the patient to monitor fetal movements for 24 hours could delay necessary intervention, and waiting until the next prenatal appointment could lead to missed opportunities for timely assessment and management of fetal distress.
The normal volume of amniotic fluid is approximately _______________ mL at 37 weeks’ gestation.
- A. 1000
- B. 0.1
- C. 100
- D. 10000
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The volume of amniotic fluid steadily increases throughout pregnancy, reaching approximately 1000 mL at 37 weeks. This fluid is crucial for maintaining a stable environment for fetal development.