HESI Basics of Patient Care

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What is the form of therapy that encourages the person to remember past experiences?

  • A. Reality orientation
  • B. Validating
  • C. Reminiscence therapy
  • D. Remotivation therapy
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reminiscence therapy. This form of therapy focuses on recalling past experiences to promote emotional healing and self-understanding. It can help individuals process unresolved emotions and gain insight into their behaviors. Reality orientation (A) aims to help individuals with cognitive impairments stay connected to the present. Validating (B) involves acknowledging and accepting a person's feelings and experiences. Remotivation therapy (D) focuses on restoring motivation and self-esteem through goal-setting and encouragement. Reminiscence therapy is specifically designed to explore and reflect on past memories for therapeutic benefit.

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The most essential nutrient for life is ______

  • A. Protein
  • B. Fat
  • C. Carbohydrates
  • D. Water
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Water. Water is essential for various bodily functions such as maintaining temperature, transporting nutrients, eliminating waste, and lubricating joints. Without water, humans can survive only a few days. Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are important nutrients, but water is the most essential for life due to its critical roles in maintaining overall health and survival.

What is the nurse's role when called by a health-trained correctional officer conducting a receiving screening?

  • A. Further assess any person identified as having a medical, mental health or dental condition
  • B. Direct the correctional officer on the treatment that should be provided
  • C. Carry out the physician orders received by the correctional officer
  • D. Schedule the inmate-patient to be seen during the next nursing sick call
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse should further assess any identified conditions to ensure appropriate care.

The federal government requires ______ hours of continuing education for nursing assistants each year.

  • A. 10
  • B. 12
  • C. 15
  • D. 18
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (15 hours) because federal regulations mandate nursing assistants to complete 12 hours of continuing education annually. This requirement ensures that nursing assistants are up-to-date with the latest practices, guidelines, and skills necessary to provide high-quality care to patients.

Explanation for other choices:
A (10 hours): This choice is incorrect as it does not meet the federal requirement of 12 hours.
B (12 hours): While this choice aligns with the federal requirement, it falls short of the correct answer of 15 hours.
D (18 hours): This choice exceeds the federal requirement and is therefore incorrect.

A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. The next, most appropriate step is to perform:

  • A. a laparotomy
  • B. An abdominal CT-scan
  • C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
  • D. Abdominal ultrasonography
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: a laparotomy. This is the most appropriate step because a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen is a high-energy injury that can cause significant internal damage, such as bowel perforation or major blood vessel injury. A laparotomy allows for direct visualization of internal organs, identification, and repair of any injuries, and control of bleeding. An abdominal CT-scan (B) may delay necessary surgical intervention, while diagnostic laparoscopy (C) may not provide adequate access for effective treatment of severe injuries. Abdominal ultrasonography (D) is not typically indicated in the acute trauma setting for assessing internal abdominal injuries.

Which of the following is an example of verbal communication?

  • A. Sending a text message
  • B. Crossing arms in front of the body
  • C. Tapping one's feet during a meeting
  • D. Nodding one's head
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Verbal communication involves using words to convey a message, such as sending a text message (Choice A). This choice aligns with the definition of verbal communication. Crossing arms (Choice B) and tapping feet (Choice C) are non-verbal cues. Nodding head (Choice D) is a non-verbal form of communication as well.