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What is the main characteristic of cystic fibrosis?
- A. Multiple upper respiratory infections
- B. An underproduction of exocrine glands
- C. Excessive, thick mucus
- D. An overproduction of thin mucus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis includes excessive, thick mucus.
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What is the most common clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?
- A. Clubbing of the digits
- B. Upper extremity hypertension
- C. Pedal edema and portal congestion
- D. Loud systolic ejection murmur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta results in hypertension in the upper extremities. The pressure in the arms is typically 20 mm Hg higher than in the legs.
Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is most often seen in school-age or adolescent children. The nurse should assess closely for what potential problems?
- A. Physical problems
- B. Relational problems
- C. Eating disorders
- D. Emotional problems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: RAP is often related to emotional factors in the child.
Which is a priority nursing intervention for the cognitively impaired child?
- A. The family will provide good nutrition.
- B. The family will provide loving interactions.
- C. Stimulation will improve.
- D. There will be contact with peers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions focus on promoting optimal development and loving interactions with family.
How should the nurse measure urinary output for an infant with dehydration?
- A. Attaching a urine collecting bag
- B. Wringing out the diaper
- C. Weighing the diaper
- D. Inserting a catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wet diapers are weighed to assess the amount of output.
When performing an assessment of a child with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), the nurse recognizes the child will most likely experience what symptom?
- A. Increased temperature
- B. Constipation
- C. Right quadrant pain
- D. Exercise-associated pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child may be constipated with periumbilical pain unrelated to eating, defecation, or exercise.