HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024

HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024 Related

Review HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024 related questions and content

What is the meaning of exocytosis?

  • A. The cell engulfs and brings in substances.
  • B. The cell releases content outside by fusing with the plasma membrane.
  • C. The cell engulfs liquid material.
  • D. The cell brings in solid particles.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exocytosis is the process by which a cell releases substances to the outside by fusing with the plasma membrane. During exocytosis, vesicles containing molecules fuse with the cell membrane, allowing the release of the contents outside the cell. This process is crucial for the secretion of various substances such as hormones, enzymes, and neurotransmitters. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe processes different from exocytosis. Choice A describes endocytosis, where the cell engulfs substances to bring them into the cell. Choice C is more aligned with pinocytosis, the process of engulfing liquid material. Choice D refers to phagocytosis, which is the uptake of solid particles by the cell.

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The arteries are part of which system?

  • A. Nervous system
  • B. Endocrine system
  • C. Lymphatic system
  • D. Cardiovascular system
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cardiovascular system. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. They are a key component of the cardiovascular system, which is responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, and oxygen throughout the body. The other options (A, B, and C) are incorrect because arteries are not part of the nervous system, endocrine system, or lymphatic system.

How many bones are found in the human skull?

  • A. Approximately 5
  • B. Approximately 30
  • C. Approximately 60
  • D. Approximately 210
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Approximately 30. The human skull is composed of 22 bones that are fused together. These 22 bones consist of 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones, totaling approximately 30 bones in total. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the human skull does not have as few as 5 bones, as many as 60 bones, or as many as 210 bones. Understanding the basic anatomy of the skull helps in identifying the correct number of bones it comprises.

The vena cavae drain blood from the body into the ___________.

  • A. right atrium
  • B. right ventricle
  • C. left atrium
  • D. left ventricle
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The vena cavae are large veins responsible for returning deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart. They empty into the right atrium of the heart. From the right atrium, the blood is then pumped into the right ventricle before being sent to the pulmonary circulation for oxygenation, making choice A, 'right atrium,' the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the vena cavae do not empty into the ventricles of the heart; instead, they deliver blood to the atria.

Which might be a result of stenosis, or narrowing of a heart valve?

  • A. Abdominal pain
  • B. Blood clots
  • C. Edema (swelling) in organs
  • D. Irregular heartbeat
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Stenosis, or narrowing of a heart valve, restricts blood flow through the valve, leading to changes in the heart's normal rhythm. This alteration can result in an irregular heartbeat, making it a common consequence of heart valve stenosis. Abdominal pain, blood clots, and organ swelling are not typically associated with stenosis of a heart valve.

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What area is he describing?

  • A. Epiphysis
  • B. Articular cartilage
  • C. Perichondrium
  • D. Diaphysis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The diaphysis is the correct answer in this scenario. It refers to the middle or shaft region of a long bone like the humerus. The epiphysis is the end of a long bone, while articular cartilage is the smooth tissue covering the ends of bones at a joint. The perichondrium is the dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds cartilage.

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