Nokea
What is the meaning of the word 'emitting' as it is used in the second paragraph?
- A. Repelling
- B. Releasing
- C. Closing
- D. Charging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context provided, 'emitting' means releasing, specifically referring to the electric currents being released in the body. The passage describes how electric currents are constantly being emitted in the body and can be detected on the body's surface, ultimately recorded by an electrocardiograph. This process is about the release of electric impulses, making 'releasing' the correct interpretation. Choice A, 'Repelling,' implies pushing away, which is not the intended meaning in this context. Choice C, 'Closing,' and Choice D, 'Charging,' do not align with the context of electric currents being emitted.
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What is the meaning of the word 'technical' as it is used in the fourth paragraph?
- A. requiring expert knowledge
- B. incomplete
- C. foreign
- D. plagiarized
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A: requiring expert knowledge.' In the context provided, 'technical' refers to articles that demand expert knowledge to understand. The passage mentions that articles published in medical journals can be technical, meaning they are complex and require specialized expertise to comprehend. Choice B, 'incomplete,' is incorrect as 'technical' does not imply incompleteness. Choices C and D, 'foreign' and 'plagiarized,' are also incorrect as they do not align with the context of the passage.
What is the meaning of the word 'pathogens' as it is used in the first paragraph?
- A. diseases
- B. vaccines
- C. disease-causing substances
- D. foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context provided, 'pathogens' refers to disease-causing substances such as bacteria and viruses. These microorganisms can contaminate food and lead to foodborne illnesses. Choice A ('diseases') is incorrect as pathogens themselves cause diseases but are not diseases. Choice B ('vaccines') is incorrect as vaccines are used to prevent diseases caused by pathogens. Choice D ('foods') is incorrect as pathogens are not foods, but rather contaminants that can be found in food.
What is the meaning of the word 'ideal' as it is used in the first paragraph?
- A. thoughtful
- B. confined
- C. hostile
- D. perfect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this context, 'ideal' means perfect. The human body provides a perfect environment for many microbes, as stated in the extract. It is the immune system's role to keep these microbes out or destroy them. The other choices are incorrect: 'thoughtful' does not fit the context of the sentence, 'confined' and 'hostile' are not synonymous with 'ideal' in this context.
Which statement is not listed as a detail within the passage?
- A. Changes in the ECG are typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm.
- B. The signal has a characteristic record called the electrocardiogram.
- C. The 'wave of excitation' starts at the SA node.
- D. The 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The corrected statement should be: Changes in the ECG are not typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm. The passage mentions that the heart sends out electric currents in waves, and the 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall accompanied by electric changes. It details the process of how the heart's electric impulses are recorded and how abnormalities can be detected. However, it does not state that ECG changes are specifically used for diagnosing abnormal cardiac rhythms. Choice A is the correct answer because it misrepresents the information provided in the passage. Choices B, C, and D are all supported by the passage and align with the details mentioned regarding the electrocardiogram and the wave of excitation in the heart.
What is the meaning of the word 'elasticity' in the last paragraph?
- A. Something that is able to resist and be flexible
- B. Something that is like plastic
- C. Something that is dynamic and electrifying
- D. Something that is silly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 'Elasticity' refers to the ability of the arterial walls to resist and be flexible, which affects blood pressure. In the provided extract, it is mentioned that an increase in blood pressure can occur if the arterial walls lose some of their elasticity with age or disease. This demonstrates that elasticity refers to the property of being able to resist and be flexible, supporting choice A as the correct answer. The other choices, B, C, and D, do not accurately reflect the concept of elasticity in the context of arterial walls and blood pressure.