Nokea
What is the meaning of the word 'technical' as it is used in the fourth paragraph?
- A. requiring expert knowledge
- B. incomplete
- C. foreign
- D. plagiarized
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'A: requiring expert knowledge.' In the context provided, 'technical' refers to articles that demand expert knowledge to understand. The passage mentions that articles published in medical journals can be technical, meaning they are complex and require specialized expertise to comprehend. Choice B, 'incomplete,' is incorrect as 'technical' does not imply incompleteness. Choices C and D, 'foreign' and 'plagiarized,' are also incorrect as they do not align with the context of the passage.
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What is the best summary of this passage?
- A. The heart regulates oxygen flow and waste disposal, with the kidneys aiding in salt and water absorption.
- B. The cardiovascular system regulates blood pressure through baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys.
- C. Baroreceptors send impulses to regulate blood pressure by affecting the heart, arteries, and veins.
- D. Chemoreceptors monitor oxygen levels to impact blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides a comprehensive summary of the passage, explaining how the cardiovascular system regulates blood pressure through baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys. Choice A is incorrect as it only focuses on the heart and kidneys without mentioning the broader cardiovascular system. Choice C is incorrect as it solely emphasizes the role of baroreceptors in regulating blood pressure. Choice D is incorrect as it oversimplifies the role of chemoreceptors in monitoring oxygen levels without mentioning their impact on blood pressure regulation.
What is the meaning of the word 'emitting' as it is used in the second paragraph?
- A. Repelling
- B. Releasing
- C. Closing
- D. Charging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context provided, 'emitting' means releasing, specifically referring to the electric currents being released in the body. The passage describes how electric currents are constantly being emitted in the body and can be detected on the body's surface, ultimately recorded by an electrocardiograph. This process is about the release of electric impulses, making 'releasing' the correct interpretation. Choice A, 'Repelling,' implies pushing away, which is not the intended meaning in this context. Choice C, 'Closing,' and Choice D, 'Charging,' do not align with the context of electric currents being emitted.
What is the meaning of the word 'pathogens' as it is used in the first paragraph?
- A. diseases
- B. vaccines
- C. disease-causing substances
- D. foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the context provided, 'pathogens' refers to disease-causing substances such as bacteria and viruses. These microorganisms can contaminate food and lead to foodborne illnesses. Choice A ('diseases') is incorrect as pathogens themselves cause diseases but are not diseases. Choice B ('vaccines') is incorrect as vaccines are used to prevent diseases caused by pathogens. Choice D ('foods') is incorrect as pathogens are not foods, but rather contaminants that can be found in food.
What was the author's primary purpose for writing this essay?
- A. To persuade the reader to conserve water
- B. To persuade the reader that runoff is not the best way to collect water
- C. To analyze different types of runoff
- D. To inform the reader about the stages of the water cycle
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The author's primary purpose for writing the essay is to inform the reader about the stages of the water cycle. The essay discusses the various stages of the water cycle, including precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and condensation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the essay focuses on explaining the water cycle stages rather than persuading the reader to conserve water, discussing the effectiveness of runoff, or analyzing different types of runoff.
Which statement is not listed as a detail within the passage?
- A. Changes in the ECG are typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm.
- B. The signal has a characteristic record called the electrocardiogram.
- C. The 'wave of excitation' starts at the SA node.
- D. The 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The corrected statement should be: Changes in the ECG are not typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm. The passage mentions that the heart sends out electric currents in waves, and the 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall accompanied by electric changes. It details the process of how the heart's electric impulses are recorded and how abnormalities can be detected. However, it does not state that ECG changes are specifically used for diagnosing abnormal cardiac rhythms. Choice A is the correct answer because it misrepresents the information provided in the passage. Choices B, C, and D are all supported by the passage and align with the details mentioned regarding the electrocardiogram and the wave of excitation in the heart.