Nokea
What is the membrane on the surface of a lung called?
- A. visceral pleura
- B. parietal pleura
- C. visceral pericardium
- D. parietal pericardium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: visceral pleura. The membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the visceral pleura. It is a serous membrane that is in direct contact with the lung tissue. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the parietal pleura covers the inner surface of the chest wall and diaphragm, the visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and the parietal pericardium is the outer layer of the pericardium surrounding the heart, respectively.
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Are the oral, nasal, orbital, and middle ear cavities in the dorsal cavity?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is False. The oral, nasal, orbital, and middle ear cavities are actually part of the ventral cavity, not the dorsal cavity. The dorsal cavity contains the cranial and spinal cavities, while the ventral cavity includes the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities. Therefore, these structures are located in the ventral cavity, not the dorsal cavity. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because these structures are not situated in the dorsal cavity.
The origin of the term 'anatomy' is related to
- A. the Greek word for 'function.'
- B. the name of the first anatomist.
- C. the Greek word for 'cutting up.'
- D. the function of internal organs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: the Greek word for 'cutting up.' The term 'anatomy' originates from the Greek words 'ana' (up) and 'temnein' (to cut), which means 'cutting up' or 'dissection.' This term refers to the process of dissecting bodies to study their structure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because 'anatomy' is not related to the Greek word for 'function,' the name of the first anatomist, or the function of internal organs, but rather to the act of cutting up for study and examination.
An anatomical section that separates the body into right and left portions is a _______ section.
- A. frontal
- B. transverse
- C. coronal
- D. sagittal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'sagittal.' A sagittal section divides the body into right and left portions. Choice A, 'frontal,' is incorrect as it divides the body into front and back portions. Choice B, 'transverse,' divides the body into upper and lower portions. Choice C, 'coronal,' divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. Therefore, 'sagittal' is the most appropriate term for a section separating the body into right and left portions.
What does magnetic resonance imaging use?
- A. X-rays.
- B. a radio antenna.
- C. radioisotopes.
- D. high-frequency sound waves.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. X-rays (Choice A) use electromagnetic radiation, not sound waves, making it an incorrect choice. A radio antenna (Choice B) is used for communication, not for MRI imaging. Radioisotopes (Choice C) are used in nuclear medicine imaging techniques, not in MRI scans. Therefore, the correct answer is high-frequency sound waves (Choice D) as they are utilized in MRI technology to produce images.
Living organisms use oxygen to __________________.
- A. reduce heat production
- B. accept electrons for cellular metabolism
- C. release energy stored in the molecules of food
- D. remove metabolic wastes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Living organisms use oxygen to release energy stored in the molecules of food through a process called cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. Choice A is incorrect because oxygen does not directly reduce heat production in organisms. Choice B is incorrect because oxygen is involved in accepting electrons rather than donating them in cellular metabolism. Choice D is incorrect because the removal of metabolic wastes is not the primary role of oxygen in living organisms.