Nokea
What is the mission of the Army Medical Department?
- A. Ensure that each soldier receives a physical examination annually
- B. Deliver healthcare to regions of the U.S. designated as disaster areas by the President
- C. Maintain the health of the Army and preserve its combat effectiveness
- D. Offer medical, dental, and veterinary education and training
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Maintain the health of the Army and preserve its combat effectiveness.' This mission statement reflects the primary goal of the Army Medical Department, which is to ensure that military personnel remain healthy and fit for duty to preserve the Army's fighting strength. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not capture the core purpose of the Army Medical Department, which is focused on the health and readiness of the military forces, rather than performing annual physical examinations, responding to disasters, or providing education and training.
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Which of the following is inappropriate in collecting midstream clean-catch urine specimen for urine analysis?
- A. Collect early in the morning, first voided specimen
- B. Do perineal care before specimen collection
- C. Collect 5 to 10 ml of urine
- D. Discard the first flow of urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The inappropriate action in collecting a midstream clean-catch urine specimen for urine analysis is to collect only 5 to 10 ml of urine. Adequate urine volume of 30 to 60 ml is required for accurate testing. Collecting a small amount like 5 to 10 ml may lead to inaccurate results due to insufficient sample size. It is crucial to follow proper collection techniques, such as discarding the first flow of urine, performing perineal care, and collecting an adequate volume, to ensure reliable test results.
Which nursing instruction should the nurse discuss with the client who is receiving glucocorticoids for Addison's disease?
- A. Discuss the importance of tapering medications when discontinuing medication
- B. Explain that the dose will need to be decreased during times of stress or infection
- C. Instruct the client to take medication on an empty stomach with a glass of water
- D. Encourage the client to wear a MedicAlert bracelet and carry a card in the wallet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to discuss the importance of tapering medications when discontinuing medication. Tapering glucocorticoids is crucial to prevent adrenal insufficiency, which can occur if the medication is stopped abruptly. Choice B is incorrect because it focuses on adjustments during stress or infection, not discontinuation. Choice C is unrelated to the management of glucocorticoids. Choice D is important for emergency identification but is not directly related to medication management.
The client has recently been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which intervention should the nurse teach the client to reduce symptoms?
- A. Instruct the client to avoid drinking fluids with meals
- B. Explain the need to decrease intake of flatus-forming foods
- C. Teach the client how to perform gentle perianal care
- D. Encourage the client to see a psychologist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreasing the intake of flatus-forming foods can help reduce symptoms of bloating and discomfort in IBS. This intervention focuses on dietary modifications that can positively impact the client's condition. Instructing the client to avoid drinking fluids with meals (choice A) may not directly address the underlying cause of IBS symptoms. Teaching perianal care (choice C) is important for hygiene but does not directly address IBS symptoms. Encouraging the client to see a psychologist (choice D) may be beneficial for managing stress or anxiety associated with IBS but does not directly target symptom reduction through dietary changes.
Which type of anemia is associated with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Iron-deficiency anemia
- B. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
- C. Aplastic anemia
- D. Erythropoietin deficiency anemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Erythropoietin deficiency anemia. Chronic kidney disease often leads to anemia due to decreased production of erythropoietin. This hormone, produced by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow. Iron-deficiency anemia (choice A) is more commonly caused by insufficient dietary iron intake or chronic blood loss. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (choice B) is usually due to inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or pernicious anemia. Aplastic anemia (choice C) is a bone marrow failure disorder characterized by pancytopenia (decreased red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) rather than a deficiency in erythropoietin production.
The nurse is teaching basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to individuals in the community. Which is the order of basic CPR?
- A. Ensure the scene is safe, assess responsiveness, call for help, begin CPR with compressions, airway, and breathing
- B. Give two (2) rescue breaths
- C. Look, listen, and feel for breathing
- D. Begin chest compressions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct order of basic CPR is to first ensure the scene is safe to approach, then assess responsiveness. Next, call for help and start CPR with chest compressions, followed by checking the airway and giving rescue breaths. Choice B is incorrect as giving rescue breaths is usually done after the initial chest compressions. Choice C is incorrect as looking, listening, and feeling for breathing comes after starting compressions. Choice D is incorrect as chest compressions are usually the first step in basic CPR.