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What is the most appropriate first step in treating a patient with acute asthma exacerbation?
- A. Administer oral corticosteroids
- B. Provide oxygen therapy
- C. Administer a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA)
- D. Give intravenous fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first line treatment for acute asthma exacerbation is a short-acting beta-agonist to relieve bronchoconstriction
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Examination of the hair reveals a fine silky appearance. This finding may be seen in patients that have:
- A. Hypothyroidism
- B. Hyperthyroidism
- C. Type 2 diabetes
- D. Celiac disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism can lead to fine, silky hair due to the effects of thyroid hormones.
Barriers to detecting elder mistreatment include all except:
- A. The tendency for many older adults to falsely claim they are being abused
- B. The fear that one might be institutionalized if one admits to being abused
- C. The shame that older adults feel if they have been a victim of abuse
- D. The difficulty that healthcare providers have making a determination regarding abuse if the victim has dementia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Many older adults do not falsely claim abuse, so this is not a significant barrier.
A 70-year-old man has bothersome lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). His symptoms are no longer well managed with lifestyle modifications. He is interested in medication to reduce his urinary symptoms but is concerned about possible side effects. He notes that he is recently married and sexual activity is very important to him. Which of the following medications would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Alfuzosin
- B. Ditropan
- C. Dutasteride
- D. Tamsulosin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 blocker that helps alleviate urinary symptoms without significantly impacting sexual function.
The nurse is assessing a client with diabetes and notes that the client has a strong odor of acetone on their breath. What action should the nurse take next?
- A. Check the client’s blood glucose level.
- B. Offer the client a glass of water.
- C. Assess the client's urine for signs of infection.
- D. Administer insulin immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The acetone odor on the breath is a sign of ketosis, which may indicate that the client’s blood glucose is elevated. Immediate blood glucose monitoring is needed.
An example of synovial joints would be:
- A. Vertebrate bodies of the spine
- B. Scalp
- C. Shoulder
- D. Pubic symphysis of the pelvis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The shoulder is an example of a synovial joint, which allows for a wide range of motion.