ATI Nursing Care of Children

ATI Nursing Care of Children Related

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What is the most critical physiological change required of newborns at birth?

  • A. Transition from fetal to neonatal breathing
  • B. Body temperature maintenance
  • C. Stabilization of fluid and electrolytes
  • D. Closure of fetal shunts in the heart
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transition from fetal to neonatal breathing. The most critical physiological change required of newborns at birth is the initiation of breathing. This transition is crucial for the newborn to start exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide outside the womb, marking the beginning of their independent respiratory function. Choices B, C, and D are important aspects of newborn care but are not as immediately critical as the establishment of breathing for oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide, which is essential for the newborn's survival and adaptation to extrauterine life.

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When assessing a preschooler's chest, what should the nurse expect?

  • A. Respiratory movements to be chiefly thoracic
  • B. Anteroposterior diameter to be equal to the transverse diameter
  • C. Retraction of the muscles between the ribs on respiratory movement
  • D. Movement of the chest wall to be symmetric bilaterally and coordinated with breathing
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

During a routine health assessment, the nurse notes that an 8-month-old infant has a significant head lag. Which is the most appropriate action?

  • A. Recheck head control at the next visit
  • B. Teach the parents appropriate exercises
  • C. Schedule the child for further evaluation
  • D. Refer the child for further evaluation if the anterior fontanel is still open
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

The mother of an infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis asks the nurse what causes the disease. How should the nurse respond?

  • A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
  • B. Haemophilus influenzae
  • C. Parainfluenza
  • D. Rotavirus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, especially in infants. Bronchiolitis is characterized by inflammation of the small airways in the lungs. Choice B, Haemophilus influenzae, is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice C, Parainfluenza, is a common viral infection that can cause croup and other respiratory illnesses but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Rotavirus, is a virus that primarily affects the gastrointestinal system, causing diarrhea and vomiting, and is not associated with bronchiolitis.

Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?

  • A. Codeine sulfate (Codeine)
  • B. Morphine (Roxanol)
  • C. Methadone (Dolophine)
  • D. Meperidine (Demerol)
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Which describe the feelings and behaviors of adolescents related to divorce? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Disturbed concept of sexuality
  • B. All are applicable
  • C. Worry about themselves, parents, or siblings
  • D. Expression of anger, sadness, shame, or embarrassment
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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