Nokea
What is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease?
- A. Hand hygiene
- B. Vaccination
- C. Quarantine
- D. Use of personal protective equipment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hand hygiene. Proper hand hygiene, including washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, is the most effective method for preventing the spread of disease. This is because hands can easily pick up and transfer germs from surfaces to our bodies. Regular handwashing can remove these germs and reduce the risk of infection.
Summary of other choices:
B: Vaccination is important in preventing certain diseases but may not be as effective in controlling the immediate spread of a disease outbreak.
C: Quarantine can help contain the spread of disease in specific situations but may not be as universally applicable as hand hygiene.
D: Use of personal protective equipment is crucial in certain settings, but it is not as practical or accessible for the general population compared to practicing good hand hygiene.
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State whether each of the following statement is true (T) or false (F):
I. Epilepsy has a genetic predisposition and can be inherited
II. Old age is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease
- A. TT
- B. FT
- C. TF
- D. FF
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A):
I. Epilepsy can have a genetic predisposition, as certain genetic factors can increase the likelihood of developing epilepsy, making statement I true (T).
II. Old age is indeed a risk factor for Parkinson's disease, as the incidence of the disease increases with age, making statement II true (T).
Therefore, the correct answer is A (TT).
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: FT - This choice is incorrect because both statements I and II are true.
C: TF - This choice is incorrect because statement I is true (T) and statement II is also true (T).
D: FF - This choice is incorrect because both statements I and II are true.
Who among the following individuals was involved in the discovery of anesthesia?
- A. Robert Koch
- B. William Morton
- C. Joseph Lister
- D. Sushruta
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: William Morton. He was a dentist who demonstrated the use of ether as an anesthetic in 1846. Morton's successful use of ether during a surgical procedure paved the way for the widespread adoption of anesthesia in medicine. Robert Koch is known for his work in microbiology, not anesthesia. Joseph Lister is known for pioneering antiseptic surgical techniques. Sushruta was an ancient Indian physician known for his contributions to surgery, but he did not discover anesthesia.
Which is a key component of the chronic care model?
- A. Implementing community health education programs
- B. Improving access to care for all individuals
- C. Increasing funding for health care services
- D. Coordinating care across different health care settings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because implementing community health education programs is a key component of the chronic care model as it focuses on empowering individuals to manage their own health effectively. This approach enhances patient engagement, self-management skills, and health literacy, leading to better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
Choice B is incorrect as improving access to care, although important, is not a specific component of the chronic care model. Choice C is incorrect because increasing funding does not directly relate to the core principles of the chronic care model. Choice D is incorrect as coordinating care across different settings is important but not the central focus of the chronic care model, which emphasizes patient-centered care and self-management.
When planning a health promotion program for a community, what information should be considered first?
- A. The health needs of the population
- B. The available resources for the program
- C. The current health status of the population
- D. The demographic characteristics of the population
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Understanding the health needs of the population is crucial as it helps in identifying the priority areas for intervention.
Step 2: By focusing on health needs, the program can address the most pressing issues, leading to more effective outcomes.
Step 3: Considering available resources or demographics without knowing the health needs may result in ineffective or irrelevant interventions.
Step 4: The current health status is important but may not provide a comprehensive view of the underlying needs that require addressing.
Which statement best describes the focus of community health nursing?
- A. Providing care to individuals and families within the community
- B. Improving the overall health of the community
- C. Ensuring access to health care for all community members
- D. Addressing the social determinants of health
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Improving the overall health of the community. Community health nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of the entire community through various interventions and programs. This includes implementing population-based strategies to address public health issues, prevent diseases, and improve health outcomes at a community level. By focusing on improving the overall health of the community, community health nurses work towards enhancing the well-being of all community members.
Incorrect choices:
A: Providing care to individuals and families within the community - While community health nurses do provide care to individuals and families, the primary focus is on the health of the entire community.
C: Ensuring access to health care for all community members - While access to healthcare is important, it is not the sole focus of community health nursing.
D: Addressing the social determinants of health - While addressing social determinants of health is a crucial aspect of community health nursing, the primary focus is on improving the overall health of the community.