Nokea
What is the movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body called?
- A. Abduction
- B. Adduction
- C. Flexion
- D. Extension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abduction is movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body.
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Certain foods may increase the pain associated with gout. Which foods have the highest concentration of purines?
- A. Brain, liver, kidney
- B. Lettuce, corn, potatoes
- C. Beef, pork, chicken
- D. Fruits and fruit juices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Foods high in purines, such as brain, kidney, liver, and heart should be avoided, as well as alcohol. Lettuce, meat that does not include organ meats, and fruits do not have a high concentration of purines.
A patient's patellar-femoral cartilage has deteriorated due to arthritis. The medial and lateral cartilage is undamaged. This patient is likely to undergo partial or knee replacement surgery.
Correct Answer: unicompartmental
Rationale: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is also referred to as partial knee replacement and is performed on patients who have only one of the compartments of the knee affected by arthritis.
The nurse reinforces instructions for the patient who is to have a unicompartmental knee replacement that which is a major advantage of this partial knee replacement?
- A. the patient will be up and walking 2 to 3 hours after the operation.
- B. the kneecap is completely removed.
- C. the procedure is especially helpful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- D. a small titanium disk replaces the worn cartilage.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is also referred to as partial knee replacement in which the worn cartilage is replaced with a plastic disk. It is not as invasive as a full knee replacement and does not disturb the kneecap so that the patient can be up and walking in 2 to 3 hours after surgery. It is not recommended for patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Which will the nurse stress to a patient who has had a knee replacement and is beginning strengthening exercises for the unaffected leg?
- A. Flex the knee and flex the foot.
- B. Lift the leg from the mattress and rotate the foot.
- C. Pull knee to chest and extend the foot.
- D. Push foot down against the footboard for a count of five.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The unaffected leg should be strengthened by pushing the foot down against the footboard for a count of five and repeating frequently during the day.
Forty-eight hours after a patient sustained a fractured femur in a car accident, the nurse notes the patient has a pulse of 110, respirations at 25, labored respirations and crackles in both lung fields. The nurse immediately reports to the charge nurse the probability of which disorder?
- A. impending pneumonia.
- B. atelectasis.
- C. fat embolism.
- D. anxiety attack.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pulmonary fat embolism involves the embolization of fat tissue with platelets and circulation of free fatty acids within the pulmonary circulation. Dyspnea, tachypnea, and chest pain are symptomatic of a fat embolus. These signs are not associated with impending pneumonia or atelectasis. The patient is undergoing a major complication; this is not an anxiety attack.