Nokea
What is the name of the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach?
- A. Trachea
- B. Oesophagus
- C. Duodenum
- D. Food tube
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The esophagus is the muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach. The trachea is for air, the duodenum is part of the small intestine, and 'food tube' is not a scientific term.
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Lier cells synthesize ______________.
- A. Bile juice.
- B. Trypsin.
- C. Amylopsin.
- D. Lipase.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver cells (hepatocytes) are responsible for synthesizing bile juice, which aids in fat digestion.
The pH in the mouth decreases after eating. Which statement explains the decrease in pH?
- A. Bacteria release acids when respiring food substances.
- B. Enzymes in saliva release acids during digestion.
- C. Food substances become alkaline when chewed.
- D. Salivary glands release an alkaline solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacterial metabolism of food releases acids, lowering the pH in the mouth.
Into which tubes do the nephrons drain?
- A. Proximal convoluted tubule
- B. Collecting duct
- C. Distal convoluted
- D. Ureter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrons drain into collecting ducts, which lead to the ureter.
Which process matches the definition: Circular muscles behind a bolus of food contract and longitudinal muscles relax, thus pushing a bolus of food onwards?
- A. Segmentation
- B. Peristalsis
- C. Emesis
- D. Deglutition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peristalsis involves coordinated muscle contractions to push food forward.
Which of the following is not a major gastrointestinal hormone?
- A. epinephrine
- B. secretin
- C. gastrin
- D. cholecystokinin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epinephrine is not a gastrointestinal hormone; it is primarily involved in the sympathetic nervous system.