Nokea
What is the nurse's best response if a patient on furosemide reports dizziness when standing?
- A. You may need to increase your salt intake.
- B. This is normal; continue taking your medication as prescribed.
- C. Stand up slowly to prevent lightheadedness.
- D. You may need to stop the medication temporarily.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect of diuretics; standing slowly minimizes symptoms.
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In normal condition, venous return must be:
- A. Lower than cardiac output
- B. Equal to cardiac output
- C. Greater than cardiac output
- D. Not related to cardiac output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In steady state, venous return equals cardiac output to maintain circulation.
Patient presents from having sudden cardiac death with presumed ischemia mediated VT with high grade CAD. Which is best treatment to improve survival?
- A. He needs CABG as a class I B indication
- B. He requires PCI as class I A indication
- C. Global risk reduction to treat inducible ischemia
- D. Treat by symptoms
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CABG is a class I B indication in this scenario as it addresses the underlying high-grade CAD causing ischemia-mediated ventricular tachycardia, improving survival post-sudden cardiac death.
Which artery in the arm is used for measuring blood pressure?
- A. Brachial
- B. Radial
- C. Ulnar
- D. Axillary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The brachial artery is commonly used for measuring blood pressure.
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective?
- A. The patient avoids eating nuts or nut butters.
- B. The patient restricts intake of chicken and fish.
- C. The patient drinks low-fat milk with each meal.
- D. The patient has two cups of coffee in the morning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For the prevention of hypertension, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH) recommendations include increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods. Caffeine restriction and decreased protein intake are not part of the recommendations. Nuts are high in beneficial nutrients and 4 to 5 servings weekly are recommended in the DASH diet.
Cuspid valves open into:
- A. the aorta.
- B. the pulmonary artery.
- C. the ventricles of the heart.
- D. both A and B.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cuspid valves (tricuspid and mitral) open into the ventricles of the heart.