Nokea
What is the nurse's responsibility when dealing with an impaired colleague?
- A. The nurse should report the colleague to a supervisor and follow the institution's policy for addressing impaired practice.
- B. The nurse should confront the colleague directly and offer support to seek help for the impairment.
- C. Nonmaleficence
- D. The nurse should ignore the colleague's behavior and focus on their own responsibilities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a nurse encounters an impaired colleague, the appropriate action is to report the behavior to a supervisor and follow the institution's policy for addressing impaired practice. This ensures patient safety and upholds professional standards. Choice B is incorrect because confronting the colleague directly may not be appropriate or effective in addressing the issue, and the colleague may need more structured assistance. Choice C is a principle of ethical practice but does not directly address the specific situation of dealing with an impaired colleague. Choice D is incorrect because ignoring the colleague's behavior could potentially compromise patient safety and is not in line with professional responsibility.
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A client is receiving levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would indicate that the medication is effective?
- A. Decreased heart rate
- B. Increased weight
- C. Increased energy levels
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased energy levels. When a client with hypothyroidism is receiving levothyroxine, increased energy levels indicate that thyroid hormone levels are being normalized, which is a positive response to treatment. This improvement reflects the effectiveness of the medication in addressing the underlying hypothyroidism. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Decreased heart rate and decreased appetite may be symptoms of hypothyroidism and would not necessarily indicate the effectiveness of levothyroxine. Increased weight could also be a symptom of hypothyroidism and does not directly reflect the medication's effectiveness.
A healthcare professional is monitoring a client newly diagnosed with DM for signs of complications. Which sign or symptom, if exhibited in the client, indicates that the client is at risk for chronic complications of diabetes if blood glucose levels are not adequately managed?
- A. Polyuria
- B. Diaphoresis
- C. Pedal edema
- D. Proteinuria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Proteinuria is the correct answer because it indicates kidney damage, which is a common complication of uncontrolled diabetes. Elevated blood glucose levels over time can damage the kidneys, leading to proteinuria. Polyuria (excessive urination) is a symptom of diabetes but does not specifically indicate a risk for chronic complications. Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and pedal edema (swelling of the lower limbs) are not direct indicators of chronic complications related to uncontrolled diabetes.
For a male client with hyperglycemia, which assessment finding best supports a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume?
- A. Cool, clammy skin
- B. Distended neck veins
- C. Increased urine osmolarity
- D. Decreased serum sodium level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased urine osmolarity is the best assessment finding supporting a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume in a male client with hyperglycemia. In hyperglycemia, there is increased glucose in the blood, which leads to osmotic diuresis. This results in the excretion of large amounts of urine that is concentrated (high osmolarity), leading to dehydration and fluid volume deficit. Cool, clammy skin (Choice A) is more indicative of poor perfusion, distended neck veins (Choice B) are associated with fluid volume excess, and decreased serum sodium level (Choice D) could be a result of dilutional hyponatremia due to fluid overload rather than deficient fluid volume.
A client with Addison's disease is receiving corticosteroid therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following potential side effects?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Weight loss
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client with Addison's disease is receiving corticosteroid therapy, the nurse should monitor for hypertension as a potential side effect. Corticosteroids can lead to hypertension by causing fluid retention and increased blood volume. Hypoglycemia (Choice A) is not a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy; instead, hyperglycemia is more likely. Weight loss (Choice C) is not a typical side effect of corticosteroid therapy; in fact, weight gain is more common due to fluid retention and increased appetite. Hyperkalemia (Choice D) is a potential side effect of Addison's disease itself due to adrenal insufficiency, but it is not directly caused by corticosteroid therapy.
A client with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. The nurse should teach the client to take this medication:
- A. With meals
- B. Before bedtime
- C. On an empty stomach in the morning
- D. With a glass of milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning to enhance absorption and efficacy. Taking it with meals (Choice A) may interfere with absorption due to food interactions. Taking it before bedtime (Choice B) can lead to difficulties with absorption and may disrupt the sleep cycle. Consuming levothyroxine with a glass of milk (Choice D) is not recommended as calcium in milk can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, the best practice is to take levothyroxine on an empty stomach in the morning to ensure optimal effectiveness.