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What is the primary function of discipline?
- A. To punish
- B. To evaluate
- C. To teach
- D. To ridicule
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of discipline is to teach. Discipline aims to guide individuals towards desired behaviors, values, and attitudes through positive reinforcement, correction, and guidance. It involves setting boundaries, providing structure, and helping individuals learn from their mistakes. Punishing (choice A) focuses solely on consequences without teaching alternatives. Evaluation (choice B) assesses performance but doesn't necessarily teach. Ridicule (choice D) is harmful and counterproductive, not a purpose of discipline. In summary, discipline primarily serves to educate and cultivate positive behavior.
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What information will the nurse include in teaching a female patient who has peripheral arterial disease, type 2 diabetes, and sensory neuropathy of the feet and legs?
- A. Select flat-soled leather shoes
- B. Apply heating pads on a low temperature.
- C. Avoid using callus remover for corns or calluses.
- D. Refrain from soaking feet in warm water for an hour each day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Select flat-soled leather shoes. This choice is important for a patient with peripheral arterial disease, type 2 diabetes, and sensory neuropathy as it helps prevent skin breakdown, reduce pressure on the feet, and minimize the risk of injury due to decreased sensation. Flat-soled leather shoes provide good support and protection.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Apply heating pads on a low temperature - This can be dangerous for a patient with sensory neuropathy as they may not be able to feel if the heating pad is too hot, leading to burns.
C: Avoid using callus remover for corns or calluses - While it is important to avoid injuring the skin, addressing foot care is not as critical as selecting appropriate footwear.
D: Refrain from soaking feet in warm water for an hour each day - Prolonged soaking can increase the risk of skin breakdown and infections, so it is important to avoid this practice.
Your nurse manager talks with you once per week to determine how you are adjusting to your role as a new nurse. She asks if you feel that you are able to provide good care to your patients, whether you are becoming familiar with the electronic health record, and whether your preceptor is encouraging your independence. This manager is demonstrating:
- A. An intrusive style.
- B. An effort to understand if you are coping with the demands.
- C. An attempt to intimidate.
- D. An authoritarian style.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the nurse manager is showing genuine concern for the new nurse's well-being and professional development. By asking about the nurse's ability to provide care, familiarity with the EHR, and support from the preceptor, the manager is seeking to understand and support the nurse's adjustment to the new role. This approach fosters open communication and a supportive environment.
Incorrect Choices:
A: An intrusive style implies invading personal boundaries, which is not evident in the scenario.
C: Intimidation involves creating fear or anxiety, which is not reflected in the manager's behavior.
D: An authoritarian style is characterized by strict control and limited feedback, which contradicts the manager's supportive and open approach.
A client is refusing a blood transfusion for religious reasons. The client's partner wants the client to have the blood transfusion. Which of the following actions should be taken?
- A. Ask the client to consider a direct donation
- B. Withhold the blood transfusion
- C. Ask the client to consider a direct donation
- D. Request a consultation with the ethics committee
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Asking the client to consider a direct donation respects their religious beliefs while also addressing the partner's concerns. This option promotes patient autonomy and involves the client in decision-making.
B: Withholding the blood transfusion disregards the client's autonomy and may lead to ethical issues.
C: This is a repeated option and does not provide a different course of action.
D: Requesting a consultation with the ethics committee may delay necessary treatment and should be considered only when there is a significant ethical dilemma beyond this situation.
Which of the following indicators is viewed as important by the nurse manager in relation to a performance model?
- A. Patient outcomes
- B. Rapport with staff
- C. Daily job performance
- D. Flexibility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Patient outcomes. Nurse managers are responsible for overseeing the quality of care provided by their staff. Patient outcomes directly reflect the effectiveness of care delivery. Monitoring patient outcomes helps nurse managers identify areas for improvement, implement changes, and ensure high-quality care.
Rapport with staff (B) is important for team cohesion but may not directly impact performance model evaluation. Daily job performance (C) reflects individual staff performance, not the overall performance model. Flexibility (D) is a valuable trait but is not a specific indicator in relation to a performance model.
Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics?
- A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace.
- B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses.
- C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses.
- D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Nursing ethics encompass principles guiding ethical decision-making.
Step 2: Focusing on the experiences and needs of nurses ensures ethical care delivery.
Step 3: Understanding nurse perspectives enhances patient-centered care.
Step 4: Organizational level (A) is limited, duties and rules (B) are important but not the sole focus, and moral character (C) is crucial but not the main emphasis.