Nokea
What is the primary function of hematopoietic tissue?
- A. Building and repairing bone
- B. Supporting and connecting tissues
- C. Production of blood cells
- D. Contracting for movement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary function of hematopoietic tissue is the production of blood cells. Hematopoietic tissue, primarily found in the bone marrow, is responsible for generating red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These blood cells are vital for oxygen transport, immune response, and blood clotting. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the main function of hematopoietic tissue. Building and repairing bone is primarily carried out by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, supporting and connecting tissues is a role of connective tissues like tendons and ligaments, and contracting for movement is a function of muscle tissue.
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Identify the element with the electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6. To which group and period does this element belong?
- A. Group 16, Period 3
- B. Group 14, Period 3
- C. Group 18, Period 3
- D. Group 17, Period 2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The given electron configuration matches that of Argon, an element found in Group 18 of the periodic table. This element is in the third period, as indicated by the highest energy level (n=3) where electrons are present. Therefore, the correct answer is Group 18, Period 3. Choice A (Group 16, Period 3) corresponds to sulfur, not the given electron configuration. Choice B (Group 14, Period 3) corresponds to silicon, not the given electron configuration. Choice D (Group 17, Period 2) corresponds to chlorine, which is in Period 3 but not in Group 18, making it incorrect for the given electron configuration.
Which of the following is a pair of nerves that originates from the brain?
- A. Spinal nerves
- B. Olfactory nerves
- C. Sciatic nerve
- D. Optic nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The olfactory nerves, choice B, are a pair of cranial nerves that originate from the brain. They are responsible for the sense of smell and are the only cranial nerves that directly connect to the cerebrum. Spinal nerves, choice A, originate from the spinal cord, the sciatic nerve, choice C, is a large nerve that originates in the lower back, and the optic nerve, choice D, originates from the retina of the eye. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not originate directly from the brain.
When water boils, it changes from a liquid to a gas. This is an example of a:
- A. Chemical reaction
- B. Physical change
- C. Nuclear reaction
- D. Biological process
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is a physical change because boiling water involves a change in state from liquid to gas without altering the chemical composition of the water molecules. In a chemical reaction, new substances are formed by breaking and forming chemical bonds, which is not the case during boiling. A nuclear reaction involves changes in atomic nuclei, which are not occurring during boiling. A biological process refers to activities related to living organisms, which is not applicable to the change from liquid to gas in boiling water.
Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and bone health?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines, which is crucial for maintaining strong and healthy bones. Without adequate vitamin D, the body cannot effectively absorb calcium, leading to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. Vitamin A (Choice A) is important for vision and immune function but is not directly involved in calcium absorption or bone health. Vitamin C (Choice B) is essential for collagen synthesis and immune function, but it does not play a direct role in calcium absorption or bone health. Vitamin E (Choice D) acts as an antioxidant and helps protect cells from damage, but it is not specifically required for calcium absorption or bone health. Therefore, the correct answer is Vitamin D as it is crucial for optimal bone health.
Chyle, a milky white fluid, is transported by lymphatic vessels from the:
- A. Lungs
- B. Intestines
- C. Kidneys
- D. Skin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chyle, a milky white fluid, is formed in the small intestine during digestion. It is composed of lymph and emulsified fats. Lymphatic vessels in the intestines, specifically lacteals, transport chyle from the intestines to the bloodstream for the distribution of nutrients throughout the body. The transport of chyle from the lungs, kidneys, or skin is not correct as these organs are not primarily involved in the production or transportation of chyle.