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What is the primary goal of fetal heart rate monitoring during the second stage of labor?
- A. to predict when to bear down during contractions
- B. to determine the strength of the uterine contractions
- C. to evaluate fetal well-being
- D. to monitor vital signs of the birthing person
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of fetal heart rate monitoring during the second stage of labor is to evaluate fetal well-being. This is crucial to ensure that the baby is tolerating labor and delivery well. Monitoring fetal heart rate helps identify any signs of distress or compromise in oxygen supply to the baby. It guides healthcare providers in making timely interventions if needed to prevent adverse outcomes. Choices A and B are incorrect because the primary goal is not about timing contractions or assessing uterine contractions strength. Choice D is incorrect as the focus is not on monitoring the vital signs of the birthing person but on assessing the well-being of the fetus.
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A pregnant patient at 28 weeks gestation is experiencing mild back pain. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer pain relief and recommend bed rest.
- B. Assess the patient's posture and recommend appropriate exercises.
- C. Encourage the patient to perform light physical activities to strengthen the back muscles.
- D. Instruct the patient to take deep breaths and rest until the pain subsides.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing the patient's posture and recommending appropriate exercises will help address the mild back pain effectively without compromising the safety of the pregnancy. By identifying any postural issues contributing to the pain and recommending suitable exercises, the nurse can promote musculoskeletal health and alleviate discomfort. Administering pain relief without addressing the underlying cause (choice A) may mask symptoms temporarily. Encouraging light physical activities (choice C) could worsen the pain if not tailored to the individual's needs. Instructing the patient to rest and take deep breaths (choice D) may not address the root cause of the back pain.
What advice should the nurse give regarding herbal supplements during pregnancy?
- A. Herbals are safe because they're natural
- B. Licorice and cat’s claw are safe
- C. The FDA has approved herbals for pregnancy
- D. Discuss everything with a healthcare provider
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herbal supplements may pose risks during pregnancy, and their safety is not well-established. Consulting a healthcare provider is essential.
A client enters the prenatal clinic. She states that she missed her period yesterday and used a home pregnancy test this morning. She states that the results were negative, but 'I still think I am pregnant.' Which of the following statements would be appropriate for the nurse to make at this time?
- A. Your period is probably just irregular.
- B. We could do a blood test to check.
- C. Home pregnancy test results are very accurate.
- D. My recommendation would be to repeat the test in one week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood test is more accurate than a home pregnancy test, especially early in pregnancy. Repeating the test in a week is also an option, but a blood test provides more immediate and reliable results.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks gestation and reports experiencing frequent heartburn. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for the nurse to recommend?
- A. Lie down immediately after meals to help with digestion.
- B. Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day.
- C. Drink large amounts of water after meals to dilute stomach acid.
- D. Avoid eating spicy foods and take antacids regularly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. This intervention is appropriate because smaller, more frequent meals can help reduce the pressure on the stomach, decrease acid reflux, and alleviate heartburn symptoms in pregnant patients. By eating smaller meals, the pregnant patient can prevent the stomach from becoming overly full and reduce the likelihood of stomach acid regurgitating into the esophagus. This approach promotes better digestion, minimizes discomfort, and supports the overall well-being of the patient and the fetus.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Lying down immediately after meals can worsen heartburn by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
C: Drinking large amounts of water after meals can further distend the stomach and exacerbate heartburn symptoms.
D: Although avoiding spicy foods and taking antacids may provide temporary relief, they do not address the root cause of the issue and may not be as effective as adopting a dietary change like eating smaller, more frequent meals
The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old pregnant patient who is 20 weeks gestation and has a BMI of 40. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor for more closely?
- A. Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia
- B. Hyperemesis gravidarum
- C. Iron-deficiency anemia
- D. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. A BMI of 40 indicates obesity, which increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. Obesity is a significant risk factor for these conditions due to the increased strain on the body during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby, while preeclampsia can be life-threatening if not managed properly. Monitoring for these conditions closely is crucial in this high-risk patient.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Hyperemesis gravidarum - This condition is characterized by severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy and is not directly related to the patient's BMI.
C: Iron-deficiency anemia - While obesity can impact iron levels, it is not the primary concern in this scenario.
D: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) - While obesity can increase the risk of certain pregnancy complications, IUGR is not directly linked to the patient's