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What is the primary goal of the circulating nurse during preparation of the operating room, transferring and positioning the patient, and assisting the anesthesia team?
- A. Avoiding any type of injury to the patient
- B. Maintaining a clean environment for the patient
- C. Providing for patient comfort and sense of well-being
- D. Preventing breaks in aseptic technique by the sterile members of the team
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The circulating nurse ensures aseptic practices are maintained throughout the surgical procedure.
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What correctly describes pursed-lip breathing?
- A. Breathe in to count of 4 and out to count of 2, pursing lips
- B. Breathe in through nose and slowly exhale through pursed lips
- C. Place one hand on abdomen and other on chest, inhaling through pursed lips and exerting pressure on inspiration
- D. Take in a deep breath, through pursed lips, then let out one-third; continue this pattern
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing involves slow exhalation to prolong expiration and improve airflow.
Which nutritional instruction should a nurse give to stress-prone clients?
- A. Eat at regular intervals
- B. Eat only when hungry
- C. Avoid consumption of oily food
- D. Eat only one meal a day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating at regular intervals helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and reduces stress on the body's metabolic processes.
During a call to the on-call physician about a client who had a hysterectomy 2 days ago & has unrelieved pain from prescribed narcotic medication, which statement is part of the SBAR format for communication?
- A. I suggest ordering a different pain medication.
- B. This client has allergies to morphine & codeine.
- C. Dr. Smith does not prefer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory meds.
- D. The client had a vaginal hysterectomy 2 days ago.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides relevant information regarding the client's allergies to morphine and codeine, which is crucial for the physician to know when considering alternative pain medication options. This aligns with the "Background" component of the SBAR format, which includes pertinent patient history.
Choice A is incorrect because it jumps to a solution without providing necessary background information. Choice C is irrelevant to the current situation as it does not address the client's pain management issue. Choice D is also incorrect as it only provides historical information about the type of hysterectomy performed, which is not directly related to the client's current pain management concern.
How does the pain of a myocardial infarction (MI) differ from stable angina?
- A. Accompanied by shortness of breath
- B. Feelings of fear or anxiety
- C. Lasts less than 15 minutes
- D. No relief from taking nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the pain of a myocardial infarction (MI) typically lasts longer than 15 minutes, unlike stable angina which lasts for a shorter duration. MI pain is usually described as intense, crushing, and prolonged, whereas stable angina pain is often triggered by exertion and relieved by rest or medication like nitroglycerin. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because shortness of breath, feelings of fear or anxiety, and lack of relief from nitroglycerin are not definitive differentiating factors between MI and stable angina.
A client with newly diagnosed osteoporosis is being taught about lifestyle modifications. Which instruction should be included?
- A. Increase intake of caffeinated beverages.
- B. Engage in weight-bearing exercises regularly.
- C. Avoid exposure to sunlight.
- D. Take calcium supplements with iron.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Weight-bearing exercises help improve bone density and strength, crucial in managing osteoporosis.
Step 2: Regular engagement in weight-bearing exercises can reduce the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis.
Step 3: Increasing intake of caffeinated beverages can contribute to bone loss.
Step 4: Avoiding exposure to sunlight can decrease vitamin D levels necessary for calcium absorption.
Step 5: Taking calcium supplements with iron may interfere with calcium absorption.
Summary: Choice B is correct as weight-bearing exercises are essential for managing osteoporosis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they can have negative impacts on bone health.