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What is the primary purpose of assessing cervical dilation during labor?
- A. to assess the progress of labor
- B. to identify the need for interventions
- C. to assess for complications
- D. to monitor fetal position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary purpose of assessing cervical dilation during labor is to evaluate the progress of labor. Cervical dilation indicates how far the labor has advanced and helps determine if the labor is proceeding normally. Monitoring dilation helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about the timing of interventions and the overall management of labor. It does not directly assess the need for interventions (choice B), complications (choice C), or fetal position (choice D). These factors can be assessed through other means, but the main focus of assessing cervical dilation is to track the progression of labor.
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A woman in labor is diagnosed with preeclampsia. What is the most important action for the nurse to take?
- A. Administer antihypertensive medications
- B. Monitor the patient's blood pressure regularly
- C. Administer magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures
- D. Perform an emergency cesarean section
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures. This is the most important action because preeclampsia can lead to eclampsia, which is characterized by seizures. Magnesium sulfate is the first-line treatment to prevent seizures in preeclamptic patients. Administering antihypertensive medications (A) may be necessary to control blood pressure, but preventing seizures takes precedence. Monitoring blood pressure (B) is important but not the most critical action. Performing an emergency cesarean section (D) may be necessary in severe cases but is not the initial priority.
What advice should the nurse give regarding herbal supplements during pregnancy?
- A. Herbals are safe because they're natural
- B. Licorice and cat’s claw are safe
- C. The FDA has approved herbals for pregnancy
- D. Discuss everything with a healthcare provider
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herbal supplements may pose risks during pregnancy, and their safety is not well-established. Consulting a healthcare provider is essential.
A pregnant woman who is 36 weeks gestation reports sudden swelling in her hands and feet, along with a headache. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Instruct the patient to rest and elevate her feet.
- B. Assess the patient's blood pressure and urine for protein.
- C. Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids.
- D. Recommend that the patient lie on her left side to improve circulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Assessing the patient's blood pressure and urine for protein is the priority because sudden swelling in hands and feet, along with a headache, could indicate preeclampsia, a serious condition in pregnancy. High blood pressure and protein in the urine are key indicators of preeclampsia. This assessment will help determine if the patient needs immediate medical intervention.
Choice A is incorrect because simply resting and elevating the feet may not address the underlying issue of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging the patient to drink fluids will not address the potential serious condition. Choice D is incorrect because while lying on the left side can improve circulation, it does not address the urgent need to assess for preeclampsia.
What is true about dizygotic twins?
- A. Fertilized egg divided rapidly
- B. Two ova were expelled
- C. Share one placenta
- D. Same sex and blood type
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dizygotic twins result from the fertilization of two separate ova, leading to genetically distinct siblings.
A client asks the nurse, “Could you explain how the baby’s blood and my blood separate at delivery?” Which of the following responses is appropriate for the nurse to make?
- A. When the placenta is born, the circulatory systems separate.
- B. When the doctor clamps the cord, the blood stops mixing.
- C. The separation happens after the baby takes the first breath. The baby’s oxygen no longer has to come from you.
- D. The blood actually never mixes. Your blood supply and the baby’s blood supply are completely separate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During pregnancy, the mother's and baby's blood supplies do not mix. The placenta acts as a barrier and facilitates the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products between the maternal and fetal bloodstreams without direct mixing. This ensures that each individual maintains their own circulatory system.