Nokea
What is the primary reason for preparing and distributing surveillance summaries?
- A. Document recent epidemiologic investigations.
- B. Provide timely information on disease patterns and trends to those who need to know it.
- C. Provide reprints of MMWR articles, reports, and recommendations.
- D. Acknowledge the contributions of those who submitted case reports.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Summaries aim to inform relevant stakeholders quickly about emerging trends and patterns.
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Which shape of a population pyramid is most consistent with a young population?
- A. Tall, narrow rectangle
- B. Short, wide rectangle
- C. Triangle base down
- D. Triangle base up
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A triangle base down reflects a high proportion of young individuals.
National vitamin A programme was initiated in
- A. 1981
- B. 1992
- C. 1993
- D. 1994
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The National Vitamin A Programme began in 1981.
Describe the significance for epidemiology of the use of vital statistics.
- A. Vital statistics provide data on births and deaths.
- B. Vital statistics are irrelevant to epidemiology.
- C. Vital statistics are used only for economic analysis.
- D. Vital statistics focus solely on infectious diseases.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vital statistics help track population health trends and identify outbreaks or patterns.
Which method is suitable for teaching mother group about preparation of superflour:
- A. demonstration
- B. group discussion
- C. roleplaying
- D. exhibition
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Demonstration is an effective method for teaching practical skills such as preparing superflour.
Common methods of identifying additional cases (expanding surveillance) as part of an outbreak investigation include:
- A. Advising the public through newspapers, TV, radio, and the health department's website to contact the local health department
- B. Asking case-patients who they were with at the time of exposure (if known)
- C. Sending a fax to healthcare providers
- D. Telephoning the infection control practitioners at local hospitals
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Public advisories help identify potential cases and expand surveillance effectively.