Nokea
What is the primary role of the large intestine?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To absorb water
- C. To break down food
- D. To secrete digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb water. The primary role of the large intestine is to absorb water from indigestible food matter. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste for excretion. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. Breaking down food and secreting digestive enzymes are functions primarily associated with the stomach and small intestine.
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What is the function of the liver in digestion?
- A. To produce bile
- B. To store glucose
- C. To secrete digestive enzymes
- D. To detoxify harmful substances
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver's main role in digestion is to produce bile, a substance that aids in the breakdown and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile emulsifies fats, helping enzymes break them down into smaller molecules for easier absorption in the digestive tract. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 'To produce bile.' Storing glucose, secreting digestive enzymes, and detoxifying harmful substances are functions of the liver, but they are not primarily related to digestion.
How many different types of tissues are there in the human body?
- A. four
- B. six
- C. eight
- D. ten
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There are four major types of tissues in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, connective tissue supports and binds other tissues together, muscle tissue enables movement, and nervous tissue allows for communication between different parts of the body. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the human body has four main types of tissues, not six, eight, or ten.
What is the main function of the adrenal glands?
- A. Regulation of metabolism
- B. Production of bile
- C. Regulation of blood pressure
- D. Production of insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main function of the adrenal glands is to produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and the body's stress response. While the adrenal glands do have some impact on metabolism, their primary function is not the direct regulation of metabolism. They are not involved in the production of bile or insulin. Therefore, the correct answer is the regulation of blood pressure.
Which of the following organs is involved in the immune system?
- A. Heart
- B. Bronchi
- C. Appendix
- D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The appendix is involved in the immune system as it is believed to play a role in maintaining and protecting beneficial gut bacteria, especially after gastrointestinal illnesses. This helps in restoring the balance of intestinal bacteria crucial for immune function. The heart (Choice A), bronchi (Choice B), and esophagus (Choice D) are not directly involved in the immune system's functions. The heart pumps blood, the bronchi are part of the respiratory system, and the esophagus is responsible for transporting food to the stomach.
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
- A. To transport oxygen
- B. To produce hormones
- C. To fight infections
- D. To transport nutrients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main function of the lymphatic system is to fight infections. It achieves this by filtering lymph, returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream, and aiding in the body's immune response. The lymphatic system is crucial in protecting the body against pathogens and maintaining overall health. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because transporting oxygen, producing hormones, and transporting nutrients are functions performed by other systems in the body, like the respiratory, endocrine, and circulatory systems, respectively.