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What is the process of cells restoring damaged or lost tissues called?
- A. Cell division
- B. Cell differentiation
- C. Cell growth
- D. Cell regeneration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
A) Cell division refers to the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells.
B) Cell differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions.
C) Cell growth is the increase in cell size or number.
D) Cell regeneration is the process of cells restoring damaged or lost tissues by replacing or repairing the damaged cells. This process is essential for healing wounds and maintaining tissue integrity.
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Which of the following is an example of aseptic technique?
- A. Washing hands with soap and water before surgery
- B. Coughing into your elbow
- C. Sharing a stethoscope without cleaning
- D. Leaving a wound dressing exposed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aseptic technique refers to practices that help prevent the introduction of harmful microorganisms into a sterile environment. Washing hands with soap and water before surgery is an essential component of aseptic technique as it helps reduce the number of microorganisms on the hands, decreasing the risk of introducing pathogens into the surgical site. Coughing into your elbow is a good hygiene practice to prevent the spread of respiratory infections but is not specifically related to aseptic technique. Sharing a stethoscope without cleaning can introduce microorganisms from one patient to another, compromising aseptic conditions. Leaving a wound dressing exposed can lead to contamination and infection, which is contrary to aseptic technique.
When two cars with different masses collide head-on, which car experiences a greater change in momentum?
- A. The car with the larger mass
- B. The car with the smaller mass
- C. Both cars experience the same change in momentum
- D. It depends on the initial velocities of the cars
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a head-on collision between two cars, the law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of the isolated system remains constant before and after the collision. The change in momentum of one car is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the change in momentum of the other car. As a result, both cars experience the same change in momentum during the collision. Choice A is incorrect because the change in momentum is the same for both cars due to the conservation of momentum principle. Choice B is incorrect as the smaller mass car does not experience a greater change in momentum. Choice D is incorrect as the initial velocities of the cars do not determine which car experiences a greater change in momentum; it is solely dependent on the masses of the colliding cars.
What is the relationship between the frequency and period of a wave?
- A. They are unrelated
- B. Frequency = Period
- C. Frequency = 1/Period
- D. Period = 1/Frequency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct relationship between frequency and period of a wave is that Period = 1/Frequency. This relationship indicates that the period of a wave is the reciprocal of its frequency. Frequency refers to the number of complete cycles of a wave occurring in a unit of time, while the period is the time taken for one complete cycle of the wave to occur. As frequency and period are inversely related, the correct formula to express this relationship is Period = 1/Frequency. Choice A is incorrect as frequency and period are related. Choice B is incorrect as frequency and period are not equal. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests that frequency is directly proportional to period, which is not the case.
A guitar string vibrates at a fundamental frequency of 440 Hz. What is the frequency of the second harmonic (first overtone)?
- A. 220 Hz
- B. 440 Hz
- C. 880 Hz
- D. 1760 Hz
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The second harmonic (first overtone) is twice the frequency of the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the frequency of the second harmonic is 440 Hz * 2 = 880 Hz. The second harmonic has a frequency that is one octave higher than the fundamental frequency, representing the first overtone of the vibrating string. Choice A (220 Hz) is incorrect as it represents half the fundamental frequency and is the second harmonic, not the first overtone. Choice B (440 Hz) is the fundamental frequency itself. Choice D (1760 Hz) is the frequency of the fourth harmonic, not the second harmonic.
Which type of energy is possessed by an object due to its position or configuration?
- A. Kinetic energy
- B. Thermal energy
- C. Potential energy
- D. Electrical energy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potential energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its position or configuration. It is considered stored energy that can be converted into other forms of energy to do work. When an object is lifted against gravity or compressed, it gains potential energy. Kinetic energy, the incorrect choice A, is the energy of motion possessed by an object. Thermal energy, the incorrect choice B, is related to the temperature of an object due to the motion of its particles. Electrical energy, the incorrect choice D, is related to the flow of electric charge in a circuit or system. Therefore, the correct answer is potential energy as it is associated with an object's position or configuration.