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What is the purpose of amniocentesis for a patient hospitalized at 34 weeks of gestation with pregnancy-induced hypertension?
- A. Determine if a metabolic disorder exists.
- B. Identify the sex of the fetus.
- C. Identify abnormal fetal cells.
- D. Determine fetal lung maturity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At 34 weeks, amniocentesis is primarily used to assess fetal lung maturity, which is critical if early delivery is being considered.
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A nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is at 34 weeks gestation and reports swelling in the legs and feet. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia.
- B. Encourage the patient to rest with her feet elevated.
- C. Administer a diuretic to reduce swelling.
- D. Instruct the patient to reduce fluid intake to decrease swelling.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the patient's blood pressure and assess for signs of preeclampsia. At 34 weeks gestation, swelling in the legs and feet can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. The priority action is to assess for signs of preeclampsia, as it can lead to severe complications for both the mother and the baby. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial in identifying preeclampsia early.
Choice B is incorrect because while elevating the feet may provide some relief from swelling, it does not address the potential underlying issue of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect because administering a diuretic without assessing for preeclampsia can be dangerous and potentially harmful to the patient and the baby. Choice D is incorrect because reducing fluid intake can lead to dehydration, which is not a recommended approach in pregnancy without proper assessment and guidance from healthcare providers.
A patient at the obstetric office has just learned she is pregnant with dizygotic twins. What facts will the nurse include when educating this patient? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Dizygotic twins are the same sex.
- B. Dizygotic twins share a placenta.
- C. Dizygotic pregnancies tend to repeat in families.
- D. Dizygotic twins have separate chorions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dizygotic twins tend to repeat in families and have separate chorions. They can be the same sex or different sexes and have their own placenta. The incidence of dizygotic twins increases with maternal age rather than decreases.
During the first stage of labor, what is the primary goal of nursing care in the early phase?
- A. Administer pain medication.
- B. Monitor fetal heart rate continuously.
- C. Promote relaxation and provide comfort measures.
- D. Prepare for imminent delivery.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because during the early phase of labor, the primary goal of nursing care is to promote relaxation and provide comfort measures to help the mother cope with contractions and manage pain. This helps create a calm and supportive environment, enhancing the progress of labor. Administering pain medication (A) may be necessary later, not necessarily in the early phase. Monitoring fetal heart rate continuously (B) is important but not the primary goal in the early phase. Preparing for imminent delivery (D) is premature in the early phase, as labor can be lengthy.
A pregnant patient at 36 weeks gestation reports feeling short of breath when lying flat. What is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?
- A. Encourage the patient to lie on her left side to improve circulation.
- B. Administer oxygen as prescribed to alleviate breathing difficulties.
- C. Instruct the patient to rest in an upright position to reduce pressure on the diaphragm.
- D. Advise the patient to take deep breaths and monitor symptoms.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because instructing the patient to rest in an upright position helps reduce pressure on the diaphragm, allowing for better lung expansion and improved breathing capacity. This position can alleviate the shortness of breath experienced when lying flat due to the growing uterus pressing on the diaphragm. Option A is incorrect because lying on the left side may not alleviate the pressure on the diaphragm as effectively as an upright position. Option B may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying cause. Option D focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the positional discomfort caused by the pregnancy.
A patient at the obstetric office has just learned she is pregnant with dizygotic twins. What facts will the nurse include when educating this patient? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Dizygotic twins are the same sex.
- B. Dizygotic twins share a placenta.
- C. Dizygotic pregnancies tend to repeat in families.
- D. Dizygotic twins have separate chorions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dizygotic twins tend to repeat in families and have separate chorions. They can be the same sex or different sexes and have their own placenta. The incidence of dizygotic twins increases with maternal age rather than decreases.