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What is the rationale for administering oxygen in treating COPD?
- A. Relieve hypoxemia
- B. Increase carbon dioxide retention
- C. Increase intensity of respiratory drive
- D. Decrease respiratory secretions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen therapy alleviates hypoxemia, improving tissue perfusion.
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Which actions are done primarily by an informatics nurse (select all that apply)?
- A. Designs and builds computer systems
- B. Studies the validity of nursing information
- C. Trains health care providers to provide nursing care
- D. Communicates and accesses information for nursing staff
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informatics nurses focus on designing systems, validating information, and building tools to support nursing processes.
What are the priority nursing diagnoses for a client in shock?
- A. Increased urine output
- B. Edema
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Edema occurs due to excess fluid accumulation in the interstitial spaces, commonly seen in conditions like heart failure and kidney disease.
Which task is appropriate to delegate to the nursing assistant?
- A. Chest compressions
- B. Bag-valve mask ventilation
- C. Assisting with oral intubation
- D. Placing the defibrillator pads
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest compressions are a physical task that can be delegated to a nursing assistant under supervision.
What outcome criterion would best reflect achievement of avoiding infections for Mr. Puff?
- A. Explains reason for avoiding aerosol sprays and powders
- B. Explains reason for avoiding unnecessary physical activity
- C. Lists causative organisms of bronchial infections
- D. States rationale for avoiding crowds when influenza or colds are prevalent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding crowded places minimizes exposure to respiratory pathogens.
A 20-year-old patient with a massive head injury is on life support, including a ventilator to maintain respirations. What three criteria for brain death are necessary to discontinue life support?
- A. Irreversible cessation of all brain functions.
- B. Absence of brainstem reflexes.
- C. No spontaneous respirations.
- D. Fear of pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brain death is confirmed when there is irreversible cessation of all brain functions, absence of brainstem reflexes, and no spontaneous respirations, meeting legal and medical criteria for death.