Nokea
What is the scientific name for the tear gland?
- A. Lachrymal gland
- B. Lacrimal sac
- C. Lacrimal duct
- D. Lacrimal papilla
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lachrymal gland. The lachrymal gland, also known as the tear gland, is the almond-shaped gland located above each eye, responsible for producing tears. Tears are a complex mixture of water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substances that help lubricate and protect the eyes from dryness and irritation. Choice B, Lacrimal sac, is incorrect as it refers to a structure that collects tears from the eye. Choice C, Lacrimal duct, is incorrect as it is the tube that carries tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity. Choice D, Lacrimal papilla, is incorrect as it is a small elevation at the inner corner of the eye where tears drain into the puncta.
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In a balanced chemical equation, the coefficients represent the:
- A. Number of elements
- B. Ratio of reactants and products
- C. Physical state of the substances
- D. Rate of the reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Number of elements.' In a balanced chemical equation, coefficients represent the ratio of moles of each species involved in the reaction. They indicate the relative number of molecules or formula units of each compound taking part in the reaction. Choice B, 'Ratio of reactants and products,' is incorrect because the coefficients in a balanced equation do not represent the ratio of reactants and products directly, but rather the stoichiometry of the reaction. Choice C, 'Physical state of the substances,' is incorrect because the physical states (solid, liquid, gas, or aqueous) are denoted with symbols next to the chemical formula, not the coefficients. Choice D, 'Rate of the reaction,' is incorrect as coefficients in a balanced equation do not provide information about the rate of the reaction, which is determined by factors like temperature, concentration, and catalysts.
How does the human eye focus light?
- A. Cornea
- B. Iris
- C. Lens
- D. Retina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The human eye focuses light by adjusting the shape of its lens. The lens changes shape to allow the eye to focus on objects at different distances, a process known as accommodation. The cornea is the transparent outer covering of the eye that helps to focus light but does not change shape like the lens. The iris controls the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering the eye. The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that receives and processes images but does not adjust the focus of light.
Which element is used in semiconductors like computer chips and solar panels?
- A. Germanium
- B. Silicon
- C. Gallium
- D. Arsenic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Silicon is the correct answer. Silicon is widely used in semiconductors for electronic applications because of its unique properties that allow it to be manipulated to conduct or not conduct electricity effectively. Germanium is also used in semiconductors but to a lesser extent compared to silicon. Gallium and arsenic are not as commonly used in semiconductors like computer chips and solar panels, making them incorrect choices for this question.
Which element is used in fertilizers due to its role in plant cell division and growth?
- A. Potassium
- B. Phosphorus
- C. Calcium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phosphorus is the correct answer. It is used in fertilizers due to its essential role in plant cell division and growth. Phosphorus is a key component of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, which are essential for cell division and growth in plants. Potassium (Choice A) is important for overall plant health and functions like enzyme activation, but it is not specifically known for its role in cell division and growth. Calcium (Choice C) is crucial for cell wall structure and stability but not primarily for cell division. Magnesium (Choice D) is essential for chlorophyll production and photosynthesis, but it is not directly linked to plant cell division and growth.
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons and conducts them toward the cell body?
- A. Axon
- B. Dendrite
- C. Synapse
- D. Myelin sheath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dendrites are the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons and conducts them toward the cell body. They play a crucial role in gathering incoming signals and transmitting them to the cell body for processing. The axon, on the other hand, is responsible for carrying signals away from the cell body. The synapse is the point of connection between two neurons facilitating communication, while the myelin sheath is a protective layer surrounding the axon that aids in accelerating signal transmission.