Nokea
What is the second line of defense against disease?
- A. Inflammatory process
- B. Intact skin
- C. Immunization
- D. Antibiotics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The inflammatory process is the body's second line of defense, responding after pathogens breach the first line (skin/mucous membranes).
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The relationship between patient satisfaction and hours per patient day on a GOB unit was found to be ( r=0.70, p< 0.05 ). What is the correlation between these two values?
- A. 0.05
- B. 0.7
- C. 14
- D. 0.49
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correlation coefficient (r) is explicitly stated as 0.70, indicating a strong positive relationship.
Clinical pathways and guidelines in hospitals are primarily used to
- A. Reduce length of stay
- B. Improve patient satisfaction
- C. Identify errors in patient care
- D. Minimize variation in patient care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clinical pathways aim to standardize care processes to minimize unnecessary variations.
All are indications for intercostal chest tube drainage except
- A. Empyema
- B. Hemothorax
- C. Tension Pneumothorax
- D. Liver laceration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver laceration requires abdominal intervention, not chest tube drainage.
Which of the following precautions should be used for a patient who is immunocompromised and suspected of having cryptococcal meningitis?
- A. Airborne Precautions for 24 hours after antibiotic is started if the patient is improving
- B. Mask worn when within 3 feet from the bed
- C. Standard Precautions for family and staff
- D. Contact Precautions for staff, family restricted from visiting other patients.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cryptococcal meningitis is not transmitted person to person; standard precautions suffice.
You have decided to compare your CLABSI rate to the published NHSN rate. What test will you use to compare?
- A. 2 x 2 table
- B. Chi-square
- C. Fisher's exact
- D. You need more information
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: More information (e.g., sample size) is needed to choose between Chi-square or Fisher's exact.