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What is the special category that encompasses children who have congenital abnormalities, malignancies, gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, or central nervous system (CNS) anomalies?
- A. Very dependent children
- B. Children requiring special education
- C. Children with special needs
- D. Children requiring long-term care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The definition of children with special needs includes congenital abnormalities, malignancies, GI diseases, and CNS anomalies.
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Why must the pediatric nurse be cautious about medicating infants and young children?
- A. They are less susceptible to medication effects than adults.
- B. They are more susceptible to medication effects than adults.
- C. They are equally susceptible to medication effects as adults.
- D. They are more susceptible to drug interactions than adults.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns and young children are more susceptible to the toxic effects of certain medications than adults.
What observation in an emergency department should lead a nurse to suspect child abuse in a child with a fractured arm?
- A. Lack of parental concern for the severity of the injury
- B. The child not answering questions concerning the injury
- C. Parents not asking about the child's condition
- D. Inconsistency between the injury and the parents' explanation of it
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Special attention must be paid to injuries that are inconsistent with the parents' explanation.
When the newly admitted 2-year-old who was potty-trained before admission begins to wet the bed, the mother is frightened. What statement by the nurse will be most helpful to the mother?
- A. Don't be concerned. Accidents happen.
- B. Let's put a diaper on your child until this gets better.
- C. The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little.
- D. Your child will relearn 'potty-training' if you are patient.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is not unusual for children to regress when hospitalized. Explaining that regression is normal during hospitalization will help allay the mother's anxiety.
When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
- A. cognitive development.
- B. secondary sexual characteristics.
- C. the production of blood cells.
- D. the growth of bones and muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is probably the single most important influence on growth.
What is the preferred IM injection site for a 2-year-old?
- A. Deltoid muscle
- B. Upper thigh
- C. Vastus lateralis
- D. Gluteus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The preferred site for an IM injection for a 2-year-old is the vastus lateralis.