ATI TEAS Science Questions

ATI TEAS Science Questions Related

Review ATI TEAS Science Questions related questions and content

What is the structure and function of elastic arteries?

  • A. They are the smallest arteries and constrict and dilate frequently.
  • B. They are medium-sized arteries that distribute blood to various organs.
  • C. They are the largest arteries and stretch and recoil to accommodate blood pressure changes.
  • D. They are thin-walled arteries that supply blood to the capillaries.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The corrected answer is C. Elastic arteries, like the aorta, are the largest arteries in the body. They possess elastic fibers in their walls, allowing them to stretch and recoil in response to the pulsatile nature of blood flow from the heart. This elasticity helps to maintain blood pressure by absorbing the pressure waves generated by the heart's contractions and ensuring continuous blood flow to the organs. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because elastic arteries are not the smallest arteries, do not constrict and dilate frequently, are not medium-sized arteries for distributing blood to various organs, and are not thin-walled arteries supplying blood to capillaries. Elastic arteries have a specific structure and function related to their ability to accommodate blood pressure changes due to their elastic properties, which is essential for the cardiovascular system's proper functioning.

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Which hormone is produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress?

  • A. Insulin
  • B. Adrenaline
  • C. Glucagon
  • D. Thyroxine
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress. It helps prepare the body for the 'fight or flight' response by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing energy sources. Choice A, Insulin, is incorrect as it is produced by the pancreas and regulates blood sugar levels. Choice C, Glucagon, is also produced by the pancreas and functions to increase blood glucose levels. Choice D, Thyroxine, is produced by the thyroid gland and regulates metabolism, not specifically in response to stress.

Which of the following is not a component of blood?

  • A. Red blood cells
  • B. White blood cells
  • C. Platelets
  • D. Cartilage
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cartilage. Cartilage is not a component of blood. Blood primarily consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen, white blood cells are part of the immune system, and platelets are essential for blood clotting. Cartilage, on the other hand, is a type of connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints and nose, but it is not present in the blood. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are components of blood, while choice D, Cartilage, is the correct answer as it is not a component of blood.

What is a submicroscopic entity that is considered nonliving because it lacks cellular structure and consists of nucleic acids encapsulated in a protein coat called a capsid?

  • A. Bacteria
  • B. Fungus
  • C. Virus
  • D. Protozoa
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Virus. Viruses are not considered living organisms because they lack cellular structure. Instead, they are composed of nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid. Bacteria (choice A), fungus (choice B), and protozoa (choice D) are all living organisms with cellular structures, unlike viruses. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this question.

What is apoptosis, and how is it involved in embryonic development?

  • A. Uncontrolled cell growth
  • B. Programmed cell death
  • C. DNA replication
  • D. Cell division
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death, not uncontrolled cell growth (Choice A). It plays a vital role in embryonic development by eliminating unnecessary or damaged cells, sculpting organs, and ensuring proper tissue organization. Through apoptosis, the embryo undergoes controlled cell death to shape structures accurately. This mechanism is essential for the precise development of organs and tissues, emphasizing the significance of apoptosis in embryogenesis. DNA replication (Choice C) and cell division (Choice D) are essential cellular processes but are not directly related to apoptosis or its role in embryonic development.

Which type of tissue connects muscles to bones?

  • A. Ligaments
  • B. Tendons
  • C. Cartilage
  • D. Muscles
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tendons. Tendons connect muscles to bones, not bones to muscles. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by muscles to move bones, enabling movement. Ligaments (choice A) connect bones to bones, providing stability to joints. Cartilage (choice C) is a connective tissue found in joints, providing cushioning and flexibility. Muscles (choice D) are responsible for generating force through contraction but do not directly connect muscles to bones.

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