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What is the structure of the following sentence? The restaurant is unconventional because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza.
- A. Simple
- B. Compound
- C. Complex
- D. Compound-complex
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sentence is classified as complex because it contains one independent clause 'The restaurant is unconventional' and one dependent clause 'because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza.' A simple sentence consists of just one independent clause, a compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses, and a compound-complex sentence has at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. In this sentence, the dependent clause 'because it serves both Chicago-style pizza and New York-style pizza' cannot stand alone as a complete sentence, making it a complex sentence structure.
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His charismatic personality, organizational abilities, sheer determination, and rhetorical skills enabled him to quickly rise through the chapter's ranks. Which of the following revisions maintains the correct tense?
- A. NO CHANGE
- B. are enabling him to quickly rise
- C. enabled him to quickly rise
- D. will enable him to quickly rise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C, 'enabled him to quickly rise,' is the correct answer as it maintains the past tense to match the context of the sentence. The sentence describes actions that have already occurred, so the past tense 'enabled' is appropriate. Choice A is incorrect as it does not provide the correct tense for the sentence. Choice B is incorrect as it uses the present continuous tense, which is not suitable for the context of the sentence. Choice D is incorrect as it uses the future tense, which does not align with the past actions described in the sentence.
What is the part of speech of the word 'exhaustive' in the sentence: 'Investigators conducted an exhaustive inquiry into the accusations of corruption'?
- A. Noun
- B. Verb
- C. Adverb
- D. Adjective
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The word 'exhaustive' is an adjective in this sentence. Adjectives modify nouns, and in this case, 'exhaustive' is describing the noun 'inquiry.' A noun, verb, or adverb would not be appropriate here. A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea, which 'exhaustive' is not. A verb is an action word, and 'exhaustive' is not functioning as a verb in this sentence. An adverb typically modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, but 'exhaustive' is not serving this function in the sentence provided. Therefore, the correct answer is 'D: Adjective.'
He also took part in the community police supervision project. He played an instrumental role in the BPP breakfast program for impoverished African American children. Which revision best combines these sentences for clarity and flow?
- A. NO CHANGE
- B. He also took part in the community police supervision project but played an instrumental role
- C. He also took part in the community police supervision project, he played an instrumental role
- D. He also took part in the community police supervision project and played an instrumental role
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D' because the phrase 'and played an instrumental role' provides a smoother transition between the two ideas. In this context, using 'and' helps to connect the two activities more effectively. Choice 'B' introduces a contrasting conjunction 'but,' which is not suitable in this context where the actions are related. Choice 'C' incorrectly separates the two actions into distinct sentences, affecting the flow and coherence of the paragraph. Therefore, 'D' is the best choice for combining the sentences for clarity and flow.
What kind of error is present in the following sentence? This summer, I'm planning to travel to Italy, take a Mediterranean cruise, go to Pompeii, and eat a lot of Italian food.
- A. Parallelism
- B. Sentence fragment
- C. Misplaced modifier
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, parallelism. The sentence contains a parallelism error because the verbs in the list are not in the same grammatical form. In a parallel structure, all items in a list should be formatted consistently. In this case, 'take a Mediterranean cruise' and 'going to Pompeii' are not parallel. 'Go to Pompeii' should be corrected to 'visit Pompeii' to maintain parallelism. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the sentence is a complete sentence, does not have any misplaced modifiers, and does not involve subject-verb agreement errors.
What kind of error does the following sentence contain? Forgetting that he was supposed to meet his girlfriend for dinner, Anita was mad when Fred showed up late.
- A. Parallelism
- B. Run-on sentence
- C. Misplaced modifier
- D. Subject-verb agreement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, misplaced modifier. In this sentence, the modifier 'Forgetting that he was supposed to meet his girlfriend for dinner' is placed incorrectly, suggesting that Anita forgot, when it was actually Fred who forgot. The modifier should be positioned closer to 'Fred' to clarify the intended meaning. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Parallelism is not an issue in this sentence, it is not a run-on sentence as it is grammatically correct, and there is no subject-verb agreement error present.