Nokea
What is the term that describes a type of therapy or medicine used in conjunction with conventional medicine?
- A. Integrative medicine
- B. Alternative therapy
- C. Allopathic medicine
- D. Complementary therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Complementary therapy works alongside conventional medicine to enhance overall care.
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A 20-year-old patient with a massive head injury is on life support, including a ventilator to maintain respirations. What three criteria for brain death are necessary to discontinue life support?
- A. Irreversible cessation of all brain functions.
- B. Absence of brainstem reflexes.
- C. No spontaneous respirations.
- D. Fear of pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brain death is confirmed when there is irreversible cessation of all brain functions, absence of brainstem reflexes, and no spontaneous respirations, meeting legal and medical criteria for death.
When examining a patient who is paralyzed below the T4 level, the medical-surgical nurse expects to find
- A. flaccidity of the upper extremities.
- B. hyperreflexia and spasticity of the upper extremities.
- C. independent use of upper extremities and efficient cough.
- D. impaired diaphragmatic function requiring ventilator support.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients paralyzed below T4 typically retain independent use of upper extremities.
To communicate with a patient who does not speak the dominant language, the nurse should
- A. Speak slowly and enunciate clearly in a slightly louder voice.
- B. Use gestures and pantomime words while verbalizing specific words.
- C. Use family members rather than strangers as interpreters to increase the patient’s feeling of comfort.
- D. Use a dictionary or phrase books that translate from both the nurse’s language and the patient’s language.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Speaking slowly, using gestures, and utilizing translation tools facilitate effective communication. Using family members as interpreters can introduce bias and inaccuracies.
When teaching a group of clients about emergency care for a snake bite, which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Raise the affected extremity above the level of the heart.
- B. Immobilize the affected extremity with a splint
- C. Apply ice to the bite area
- D. Apply a tourniquet to the affected extremity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Immobilize the affected extremity with a splint. This is important to prevent the spread of venom through the lymphatic system. Elevating the extremity (A) can increase the spread of venom. Applying ice (C) can constrict blood vessels, trapping venom in the area. Applying a tourniquet (D) can lead to tissue damage and worsen the condition. Immobilizing with a splint is the most effective way to limit movement and venom spread.
Upon hearing that he has acute pericarditis, the patient asks how he could have contracted the disease. The best response is
- A. The upper respiratory viral infection that you experienced a couple of weeks ago could have led to acute pericarditis.
- B. It is a genetic condition that you received from your father.
- C. It is a genetic condition that you received from your mother.
- D. It is the weakening of the left side of your heart.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Viral infections are a common cause of acute pericarditis.